创客运动的中国流变及未来趋势

The Developing Process of Maker Movement in China and its Future Trends

作为发源于西方后工业社会的创新浪潮,创客运动传至中国后呈现出与西方的异质性。其在中国骤然兴起与"大众创业、万众创新"的国家战略密切相关。通过节展赛事大力普及创客文化,对创客空间进行本土化改良和创新,中国重新定义了国际创客文化。创客运动的中国流变所产生的社会影响,广泛而深刻地波及经济、教育和文化领域:在经济领域,通过创新经济制度促进生产资料大众化,改变生产关系,打造经济新引擎;在教育领域,通过促进深度学习和教育公平,培养创新型人才;在文化领域,创客运动丰富了文化内涵,完善了文化形态,创新了文化观念。未来几年,创客作为一种新兴的经济模式和商业形态将得到快速发展,中国创客运动将呈全民化、娱乐化趋势普及,创客运动和创客空间将从城市向乡村扩散。尽管可能因无法突破技术、市场、政策、资金等制约因素而暂时止步不前,但中国创客运动总体上将呈螺旋式上升趋势。

As a wave of innovation arising from the post-industrial society in the West,the Maker Movement shows its heterogeneity in China with the West after it was transmitted from Germany to China through the United States.The sudden rise of the Maker Movement in China is closely related to the national strategy of ＂mass entrepreneurship and innovation＂.Through festival-making activities,and localization of maker spaces,China has redefined the international maker culture.The impacts of the Maker Movement in China has extended extensively and profoundly to the fields of economy,education and culture.In the economic field,the Maker Movement has promoted the popularization of means of production,changed the relations of production,and created the new economy engine through innovative economic systems.In the field of education,it fosters innovative talents through the promotion of deep learning and educational fairness.In terms of culture,it enriches the spirit of culture,improves the cultural patterns,and innovates cultural concepts.In the coming years,the Maker Movement in China might show the following trends：1.It will develop rapidly as a new economic model and business form.2.It will be popular in forms of popularization and entertainment.3.The Maker Movement and maker spaces will spread from cities to villages.4.Despite the fact that the Maker Movement may be temporarily halted due to failure to break through constraints such as technology,markets,policies,and funds,or it may fall in a downturn,the Makers Movement in China will generally present a spiraling upward trend.