2015～2017年济南市0～6岁小儿眼病筛查总结与分析

Retrospective analysis of eye disease screening for 0-6 years old infants in Jinan City during 2015 and 2017

目的回顾性分析2015年9月至2017年9月济南市妇幼保健院0~6岁小儿眼病筛查工作。方法自2015年9月至2017年9月对在济南市妇幼保健院出生和在儿童保健眼科查体的本市婴幼儿,分别于出生后2~7 d、30~42 d和3个月~6岁定期进行眼病筛查,其中新生儿19 927例、30~42 d小儿19 003例、3个月龄小儿8425例、6个月龄小儿9 756例、1岁小儿9 238例、2岁小儿7 035例、3~6岁小儿9 781例。主要方法为外眼及眼前节检查、眼底照相、视力评估、眼位及屈光筛查等。结果检出44种眼病,包括先天性白内障、先天性青光眼、先天性视网膜或视神经发育异常、早产儿视网膜病变、家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变、视网膜母细胞瘤、先天性上睑下垂、先天性泪道阻塞、各类屈光不正、斜视、弱视等。新生儿期眼病检出率为298.34‰,30~42 d小儿为25.94‰,3个月小儿为1.90‰,6个月小儿为2.36‰,1岁小儿为5.41‰,2岁小儿为8.96‰,3~6岁小儿为61.24‰。结论小儿眼病筛查要尽早开始,且需要连贯、定期、系统进行,由此才可以及早且较全面发现影响正常视力发育的相关危险因素和/或视力低常,较大限度地避免可避免的儿童盲和视力损伤。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the results of eye diseases screening for 0-6 years old infants in Jinan M aternity and Child Care Hospital from Sep. 2015 to Sep. 2017. Methods The eye diseases were screened for the infants at the age of 2-7 days（19 927 cases）,30-42 days（19 003 cases）,3 months（8 425 cases）,6 months（9 756 cases）,1 year（9 238 cases）,2 years（7 035 cases）,3-6 years（9781 cases） old. The screening contents and methods included the anterior segment examination,fundus photography,visual acuity assessment,strabismus and refractive examination,etc. Results A total of 44 types of ocular disorders,including congenital cataract,congenital glaucoma,congenital retinal abnormalities,retinopathy of prematurity,familial exudative vitreoretinopathy,retinoblastoma,congenital ptosis,congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction,ametropia,amblyopia,strabismus,were detected. The detection rate were respective 298. 34‰,25. 94‰,1. 90‰,2. 36‰,5. 41‰,8. 96‰ and 61. 24‰ in 2 - 7 days,30 - 42 days,3 months,6 months,1 year,2 years,3-6 years old infants. Conclusion Eye diseases screening for infants should be periodic,systemic as early as possible,which could be helpful to find the vision dropping and the dangerous factors affecting the vision in time and to minimize avoidable blindness and visual impairment in children.