白俄罗斯民族文化认同的历史流变与现实境遇

The Historical Evolution and Status Quo of Belarusian National Cultural Identity

民族文化认同意味着个体或集体对民族起源、历史、文化、宗教、习俗等的认可、接纳和支持,并由此产生的依附感、归属感和忠诚感。白俄罗斯地处东、西方文明交汇处,复杂的地缘政治环境与多变的历史命运,始终影响着白俄罗斯民族的自我认知。苏联解体后,民族文化认同的重新构建,成为白俄罗斯必须面对的现实问题。民族语言的萧条、文化符号的多元、历史叙事的冗杂,以及他者文化的渗透,都使得白俄罗斯民族文化认同在短时期内仍将面临诸多不确定性。如何就语言政策进行调整,如何构建新的历史叙事和文化符号体系,如何应对"俄罗斯世界"的文化冲击——将从很大程度上决定并影响白俄罗斯民族的自我身份定位与下一步发展方向。

Ethnic cultural identity means individual or collective recognition, acceptance and support of ethnic origins, history, culture, religions and customs, and the resulting senses of attachment, belonging and loyalty. Belarus is located at the intersection of Eastern and Western civilizations. The complex geopolitical environment and the ever-changing historical destiny havealways influenced the Belarusian national self-perceptions. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the re-construction of national cultural identity has become a realistic problem that Belarus must face. The depression of national languages, the diversity of cultural symbols, the complexity of historical narratives, and the infiltration of other cultures have brought many uncertainties which Belarus must face in a short term in building its national cultural identities. How to adjust language policies, how to construct new historical narratives and cultural symbol systems, and how to deal with cultural impacts of the “Russian world”, all will, to a great extent, determine and influence Belarusian national self-identity and its next step for further development.