三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐与金属氧化物协效阻燃聚丙烯研究

Study of Synergistic Flame Retardant of Melamine Pyrophosphate and Metallic Oxide Modified Polypropylene

为改善三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐阻燃聚丙烯的阻燃性能,在膨胀阻燃聚丙烯体系中引入金属氧化物协效催化剂,制备三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐/金属氧化物复合阻燃材料,通过极限氧指数、热重分析、锥形量热等测试方法研究多元协效阻燃体系对聚丙烯材料热分解行为和燃烧性能的影响。结果表明,金属氧化物类协效催化剂可使聚丙烯极限氧指数(LOI)从17. 4%提高到31. 5%,UL94等级达到V-0级;在锥形量热测试中,复合阻燃材料热释放速率、有毒烟气释放有明显下降。表明金属氧化物在材料燃烧时有效降低热量和有毒烟气释放。TG表明金属氧化物协效剂催化了聚丙烯材料热分解,使其成为膨胀阻燃剂的碳源,在受热过程中与MPP作用,在表面形成发泡碳层,阻隔热量向内部传递,延缓了材料的热降解。

To improve the flame retardancy of MPP modified polypropylene, the metal oxide synergist was introduced into the intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system to prepare MPP/metal oxide composite flame retardant. The effect of MPP/metal oxide on thermal properties and flame retardancy of polypropylene system were studied by limit oxygen index （LOI）, thermogravimetric （TG） analysis, and cone calorimetry. The results show that the LOI values increases from 17.4% to 31.5%, and the UL 94 grade reached V-O rate. In the cone calorimetric test, the heat release rate of the composite flame retardant and the release of toxic smoke obviously decrease. It indicates that metal oxides can effectively reduce heat and toxic smoke release of the materials when burning. TG results show that metal oxide synergist catalyzes the thermal decomposition of polypropylene material to form a carbon source of intumescent flame retardant, which acts with MPP during the heat process and forms a foaming carbon layer on the surface so as to block the heat transfer to the interior and retard the thermal degradation of the material.