抗癫痫药与抗感染药相互作用研究进展

Drug interaction between antiepileptic drugs and anti-infective drugs

抗癫痫药和抗感染药经常需要联合运用，它们之问有临床意义的相互作用可能导致药物不良反应或治疗失败。我们通过病例报道、作用机制等方面综述了抗癫痫药与常用抗感染药的相互作用，包括：大环内酯类药与卡马西平，碳青霉烯类药与丙戊酸钠，三唑类抗真菌药与卡马西平、苯妥英钠、苯巴比妥，抗结核药与苯妥英钠、地西泮、卡马西平、奥卡西平，抗寄生虫药吡喹酮和阿苯达唑与苯妥英钠、卡马西平、苯巴比妥的组合。而新型抗癫痫药物，例如奥卡西平、拉莫三嗪、托吡酯、左乙拉西坦等，与抗感染药物少见有临床意义的相互作用。

Antiepileptic drugs and anti-infective drugs are prescribed at the same time in many cases. The clinically important interactions between them may lead to adverse reaction or failure of treatment. We summarize these clinically important interactions with case reports and mechanism of action. The combinations include macrolides and carbamazepine, carbapenems and valproic acid, ciprofloxaein and carbamazepine, phenytoin, triazole antifungal agents and carbamazepine, phenytoin, and phenobarbital, antituberculosis drugs and phenytoin, diazepam, carbamazepine and oxearbazepine, anthelminfic drugs and phenytoin, carbamazepine and phenobarbital. While new antiepileptic drugs used in China like oxcarbazepine, lamotrigine, topiramate and levetiracetam have little clinically important interaction with anti- infective drugs.