俄苏美学的价值重估

Reassessing the Value of Russian-Soviet Aesthetics

相比传统美学和西方美学,俄苏美学对中国20世纪美学的影响最大。我国20世纪美学的学术范型、哲学基础、思维方式、治学方法、命题、范畴、概念、术语大多在俄苏美学的影响下形成。然而,我国对俄苏美学的评判和接受有诸多缺失。俄苏美学是一种存在着或主或次、或显或隐的两种话语体系,在空间维度上,我国主要接受了俄苏美学的一种话语体系;在时间维度上,我国在20世纪80年代以前主要接受了20世纪30—40年代、最多至50年代初期的俄苏美学。有鉴于此,应该对俄苏美学进行价值重估。俄苏美学有一系列值得进行价值重估的内容,通过重估,可以认清俄苏美学对20世纪中国美学影响的深度和广度,以及我们对俄苏美学接受中的重大疏漏和偏颇。

Compared with traditional aesthetics and western aesthetics, Russian-Soviet aesthetics has the greatest influence on twentieth-century Chinese aesthetics. The academic paradigms, philosophic foundations, ways of thinking, research methods, propositions, categories, concepts, and terms of twentieth-century Chinese aesthetics are mainly influenced by Russian-Soviet aesthetics. However, there are some limitations in our accepting and evaluation of Russian-Soviet aesthetics. Russian-Soviet aesthetics has two discourse systems, either primary or secondary, implicit or explicit; in terms of space, Chinese researchers mainly accept one of the two discourse systems of Russian-Soviet aesthetics; in terms of time, before the 1980% Chinese researchers mainly accepted Russian- Soviet aesthetics of the 1930s-1940s, no later than the early 1950s. On this account, the value of Russian-Soviet aesthetics should be reassessed. Rnssian-Soviet aesthetics have a series of contents which deserved to be revalued. Through the revaluation, we can understand the depth and breadth of the influences that Russian-Soviet aesthetics exert on twentieth-century Chinese aesthetics, and the major omissions and biases in our acceptance of Russian-Soviet aesthetics.