夏、秋季黄河口及邻近水域浮游动物群落特征

Community characteristics of zooplankton in the Yellow River estuary and its adjacent area in summer and autumn

根据2009年7月(夏季)和2010年9月(秋初)在黄河口及邻近海域所采集的浮游动物样品,研究了浮游动物的种类组成、丰度分布以及优势种变化等群落特征。结果表明,研究海域夏季和秋季的浮游动物群落结构差异明显。夏季浮游动物种类数(65种,包含14类浮游幼虫(体))和平均丰度(295.5 ind/m3)均高于秋初(54种,包含15类浮游幼虫,229.6 ind/m3),夏季浮游动物的多样性也高于秋初。季节间优势种差异明显,夏季优势种为中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus)、真刺唇角水蚤(Labidocera euchaeta)、强壮箭虫(Sagitta crassa)和长尾类幼体(Macrura larva)等,秋初优势种为锡兰和平水母(Eirene ceylonensis)、球型侧腕水母(Pleurobrachia globosa)、背针胸刺水蚤(Centropages dorsispinatus)和强壮箭虫等。暖水种(背针胸刺水蚤)和小型水母(锡兰和平水母和球型侧腕水母)在黄河口及邻近海域成为优势种在此前从未报道过,这值得引起重视,并进行持续观测研究。

The community structure and environmental parameters data collected from Yellow River estuary and its adjacent area in July,2009 and September,2010. The result showed a significant difference in zooplankton community characteristics between summer and early autumn. The species richness and abundance in summer（ 65 taxa,including14 species of larval,295. 5 ind/m3） were greater than in early autumn（ 54 taxa,including 15 species of larval,229. 6 ind/m3）. Besides,the biological diversity in summer was higher than in early autumn. There was a significant difference in dominant species between two seasons. Calanus sinicus,Paracalanus parvus,Labidocera euchaeta,Sagitta crassa,Macrura larva,et al. Showed dominance in summer,while Eirene ceylonensis,Pleurobrachia globosa,Centropages dorsispinatus,Sagitta crassa,et al. showed dominance in early autumn. Warm-water species（ C. dorsispinatus） and small medusae（ E. ceylonensis and P. globosa） became dominant species in this area that had never been reported before,this is worthy for attention and ongoing observational studies.