有机-无机杂化材料在质子交换膜中的应用

Application of Organic-inorganic Hybrids in Proton Exchange Membranes

质子交换膜是燃料电池中的核心组件,起着分隔阴极阳极、传导载流子等作用。然而,目前的膜材料在质子传导率、尺寸稳定性等方面仍有较大不足。有机-无机杂化材料兼备了有机、无机材料各自的优点,作为质子交换膜具有良好的应用前景。本文综述了近年来有机-无机杂化材料在燃料电池质子交换膜方面的研究进展,介绍了金属盐、金属纳米粒子掺杂、二氧化硅及硅氧烷掺杂,以及氧化石墨烯或粘土掺杂等三种方法制备的质子交换膜,并从制备方法、性能等方面分析了每种质子交换膜的优缺点。

Proton exchange membrane （PEM） is one of the core part in proton exchange membrane fuel cell （PEMFC）. Cathode and anode are separated by PEM and carriers are conducted within it. However, the proton conductivity and dimensional stability of homogeneous PEM are still not ideal. Organic-inorganic hybrids is considered as taking the advantages of both organic and inorganic materials, which have important applications in PEMs. This article reviews some recent progresses in the application of organic-inorganic hybrids in PEMs for fuel cells. PEMs doped with metal nanoparticles or metal salt are introduced; and PEMs doped with silica and its modified products are introduced; and PEMs doped with graphene oxide or clay are introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of each type of PEM are analyzed in aspect of its preparation method and performance.