中世纪大学与近代自然科学体系的构建

Medieval Universities and the Research System of Modern Natural Sciences

从哥白尼发表《天体运行论》之后的一百多年中,欧洲的自然科学研究取得了一系列重大成果,通常被称为"近代自然科学革命"。在近代自然科学革命诞生之前,欧洲社会已经建立起一个自然科学的研究体系,而中世纪大学的学者们为推动自然科学研究体系的建立做了三个方面的准备:培养了自然科学研究的理性精神、培育了自然科学的研究方法、继承和传播了自然科学知识。自然科学研究体系的构建是近代自然科学革命诞生的基础。

Since Copernicus published his famous book On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres,multitudes of important achievements on scientific research had been made within the 100-odd years in Europe,often called ＂ Modern Scientific Revolution＂. The author believers that a research system had already been established in Europe before the birth of Modern Scientific Revolution. The scholars in medieval universities made great preparations for the coming of the scientific revolution： to cultivate the scientific spirit,to develop the scientific method,to inherit and spread the scientific knowledge. The establishment of research system of modern natural sciences is the basis of the rise of Modern Scientific Revolution.