扩散加权成像对良恶性淋巴结鉴别的研究进展

Advances in differentiatial diagnosis of benign and malignant lymph nodes with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging

淋巴结转移与否对于癌症病人的预后、分期及治疗方案的选择极为重要。目前常规MRI依靠淋巴结大小鉴别其良恶性的准确性不高,利用MR功能成像方法鉴别淋巴结良恶性是目前影像学研究的热点。其中扩散加权成像相较其他方法具有诸多优点。近年来非高斯模型包括双指数模型、拉伸指数模型、扩散峰度模型等逐渐应用于临床。现就传统及非高斯模型扩散加权成像在淋巴结良恶性鉴别上的研究现状及价值予以综述。

Lymph node status is important for prognosis, staging and optimizing treatment regimens for patients with cancer. The conventional MRI relies on the measurement of dimensions for characterization of nodal status, however, with relatively low accuracy. The identification of lymph node status by functional magnetic resonance imaging is the focus of current researches. Diffusion-weighted imaging has many advantages over other methods. Recently, the non-Gaussian models, including bi-exponential model, stretched-exponential model and diffusion kurtosis model, are gradually applied in clinical practice. In this article we reviewed the research status and value of conventional and multiple non-Gaussian models diffusion-weighted imaging in characterization of lymph nodes.