敦煌疑难名物词语考释四则

An Interpretation to Four Groups of Terms in Dunhuang Literature

本文结合出土资料考释了敦煌文献中"朱履椀、朱履柒垒子""铜沟桥""白去、(夹)缬绮""綖、颜"等几个疑难名物词语。通过考证认为:"朱履椀"和"朱履柒垒子"中的"履"是"里"的通假字,"朱里椀"和"朱里柒垒子"都是外黑里红的古代常见漆器;"铜溝(沟)桥"录为"铜(讲)桥"是误录,"铜沟桥"即"铜钩桥",是古代器物中起连接作用的铜锔子;"白去"中"去"是"绮"的通假字,"白绮"为古代常见丝织品,"(夹)缬绮"当为在原有的织好的花纹的基础上又印染出其他花纹的丝织品;"綖(颜)"即为佛经中常见的"綩綖",是一种外来的高档丝织品。

The unearthed materials offers appropriate interpretation to such confusing Chinese terms included in Dunhuang literature as 朱履椀(zhū lǚ wǎn in Chinese pinyin, the same below), 朱履柒垒子(zhū lǚ qī lěi zǐ), 铜沟桥(tóng gōu qiáo), 白去(bái qù),■( 夹) 缬绮(jiá xié qǐ), 綖(yán) and颜(yán). Specifically, the character of 履(lǚ) from 朱履椀(zhū lǚ wǎn) and 朱履柒垒子(zhū lǚ qī lěi zǐ) means the same as 里(lǐ). Either 朱里椀(zhū lǚ wǎn) or 朱履柒垒子(zhū lǚ qī lěi zǐ) is named for a type of lacquerware dressed in black-outside and red-inside decoration. 铜讲桥(tóng jiǎng gōu qiáo) is a mistaken copy of 铜沟桥(tóng gōu qiáo). 铜沟桥( tóng gōu qiáo) is equivalent to 铜钩桥(tóng gōu qiáo) named for a copper cramp used in mending crockery. 去(qù) out of 白去(bái qù) means the same as 绮(qǐ). 白绮(bái qǐ) is a kind of silk fabric of ancient times.■( 夹) 缬绮(jiá xié qǐ) is called for the silk fabrics with dyeing ornaments over the woven patterns. The characters of 綖 and 颜(both yán) refers to the term of 綩綖(wān yán) frequently appearing in Buddhist scriptures as the definition of a kind of high-quality silk fabrics from abroad.