摘要
定陵出土的万历孝靖皇后凤冠(三龙二凤冠)是二十世纪五十年代入藏故宫博物院的重要文物。本次研究使用便携拉曼光谱仪,鉴定了凤冠上部分宝石的种属,获得了71颗宝石的有效数据,包括红色尖晶石44颗、蓝色蓝宝石19颗、红宝石6颗、微黄色蓝宝石2颗,尖晶石占到红色宝石的88%。参照明代特别是嘉靖朝以后墓葬出土的镶嵌宝石文物可知,红宝石、蓝宝石和尖晶石这三种彩色宝石曾被广泛运用到首饰、服饰和其他器物制作中,使用者包括了社会的各个阶层。宝石种属的准确判定为今后宝石产地和流通路线的研究奠定了基础。
The test of Empress Xiaojing's(孝靖) crown decorated with three dragons and two phoenixes, inlaid with peals and jewels, unearthed from Dingling mausoleum gives the data results of 77 pieces of jewels including 44 pieces of spinel which takes up 88% of the total red gems, 6 pieces of ruby, 19 pieces of blue sapphire and 2 pieces of light-yellow blue sapphire. The unearthed jewel-inlayed objects from the tombs during and following Jiajing's( 嘉靖) period suggest that ruby, spinel and blue sapphire are the fashionable ornaments incised in jewelry, costume and other wares of the people of all ranks and classes. These colored gems were imported to China mainly through the trades along ancient silk-road, maritime silk-road and "Baojing" road in the Ming Dynasty.
出处
《故宫博物院院刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第5期146-157,共12页
Palace Museum Journal
关键词
凤冠
拉曼光谱
尖晶石
红宝石
蓝宝石
phoenix crown
Raman spectroscopy
spinel
ruby
sapphire
