城市规划、土地发展权与社会公平

URBAN PLANNING,LAND DEVELOPMENT RIGHT,AND SOCIAL EQUITY

土地发展权制度是在空间规划体系条件下,城市规划绕不过去的基本制度。由于城市规划差异化地对待每一块土地,土地发展利益的公平分配成为了城市规划是否实现社会公平的基本问题。土地发展权制度由土地发展权的归属、发展利益的分配方式组成。但是不同的土地发展权归属对土地的开发效率的影响是不同的,发展利益分配方式的可操作性也是影响公平性的重要方面。在中国,基于"国家所有"的土地发展权制度是一种操作更简便、更容易实现社会公平的制度。

The institution of land development right cannot be evaded by urban planning in the spatial planning system. As urban planning deals with the use of different land parcels in different ways, the fair distribution of land development interests has become a key issue to determine whether social equity is realized in the urban planning. The institution of land development right is composed of the ownership of land development right and the distribution mode for development interests. The ownership influences the efficiency of land development, and the operability of the distribution mode is also important in affecting the social equity. In China, the institution of land development right based on ＂state-owned＂ principle is a system that is easier to operate and to realize social equity,