城市商业区环境性能调查与评价方法研究——以北京市为例

SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT METHODS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF URBAN COMMERCIAL AREAS:A CASE STUDY ON BEIJING

借鉴日本CASBEE环境性能评价体系和环境效率的概念,将环境性能评价扩展到城市商业区尺度,评价指标包括商业区环境品质、社会服务量和环境负荷3个方面。并将SP调查法引入该评价中,通过离散选择模型的拟合,确定评价指标的权重。以北京市6个典型商业区为案例展开实地考察和问卷调研。结果表明:(1)本文建立的环境性能评价方法,在考察地区环境压力的同时,很好地考虑了地区环境品质和社会、经济价值,更加客观地认识城市功能区的环境性能,为城市规划管理提供依据;(2)本文通过SP调查法和离散选择模型获得指标权重体系,模型拟合效果较好。SP调查法的运用获得了更贴近受访者、更科学的评价指标权重,同时也存在一定的不确定性。

Referring to the comprehensive assessment system for environmental performance in Japan （CASBEE） and the concept of environmental efficiency, this paper extends the assessment of environmental performance to the urban commercial area. The assessment indexes include the environmental quality, social ＆ economic value, and the environmental load of the commercial area. In addition, the SP survey method is introduced into the assessment to determine the weight of indexes by using the Discrete Choice Model. Field investigation and questionnaire survey are conducted in the six typical commercial areas of Beijing. The results show that： ①the assessment method of environmental performance established in this paper not only examines the environmental pressure, but also considers the environmental quality and the socio-economic value of the area, which can provide a more objective understanding of the environmental performance of urban functional areas and thus offer the basis for urban planning and management;②an assessment index weight system, which is obtained through the use of the SP survey method and Discrete Choice Model, is more scientific and more close to the reality, but there also are uncertainties.