政治哲学语境中的人权话语建构及中国视角

The Construction of Human Rights Discourse in the Context of Political Philosophy and A perspective from China

目前的人权话语主要是在欧美启蒙文化的主导下形成的。然而,在全球化与文化多元主义相互交织的背景下,当人类将人权作为指导实践的原则时,发现不同的文化对人权存在不同的理解。从诠释学的角度看,人权这一术语产生于西方,但人权的内涵却可以由不同的文化来填充。当代人权话语的建构需要抛弃西方的文化中心主义,在遵循人权观念的形式约束和实质约束下,考虑不同的文化对人权的内涵所具有的可能贡献。只有如此,不同的文化才会将人权自觉地视为是内在于自身文明的,而不是将其视为"外来物"加以抵制。在当代人权话语的建构中,中国文化中的某些哲学元素同样具有积极的贡献。

The present human rights discourse is mainly formed with the dominance of the enlightenment culture in Europe and America. However, in the context of globalization and cultural pluralism, when human beings take human rights as a guiding principle for practice, they find that different cultures have different understandings about human rights. From a hermeneutic point of view, the term human rights originates in the West, but the connotation of human rights can be filled by different cultures. The construction of contemporary human rights discourse needs to abandon the doctrine taking the western culture as the center, and accept possible contributions from different cultures to the connotation of human rights under the formal and virtual constraints of human rights concept. Only in this way can a different culture consciously perceive human rights as being inherently civilized rather than＂foreign＂. In the construction of contemporary human rights discourse, some philosophical elements in Chinese culture also can make a positive contribution.