不同类型矫形器对功能性踝关节不稳者动态平衡能力的影响

Effects of Different Types of Ankle Orthoses on the Dynamic Balance Ability in Individuals with Functional Ankle Instability

目的:研究弹性踝关节矫形器和半刚性踝关节矫形器对功能性踝关节不稳者动态平衡能力的影响。方法:选取13名单侧功能性踝关节不稳患者参与研究。测试受试者健侧肢和患侧肢在3种支撑条件下(不佩戴矫形器、佩戴弹性矫形器和佩戴半刚性矫形器)在Y型平衡测试中各个方向的可达距离。可达距离标准化后,采用双因素重复测量方差分析法进行不同侧别不同矫形器动态平衡能力的比较。结果:健侧肢从无矫形器到佩戴弹性矫形器再到佩戴半刚性矫形器的标准可达距离逐渐减小(P<0.05),患侧肢佩戴弹性矫形器后在后外方向的可达距离大于无矫形器状态(P<0.05),患侧肢佩戴半刚性矫形器后在3个方向的可达距离与无矫形器状态相比未见显著变化(P>0.05)。结论:佩戴弹性踝关节矫形器提高了功能性踝关节不稳者患侧肢在Y型平衡测试后外方向的可达距离,增强了患侧的动态平衡能力。佩戴半刚性矫形器对功能性踝关节不稳者患侧的动态平衡能力无影响。功能性踝关节不稳者的健侧肢佩戴矫形器会降低其动态平衡能力。

Objective To explore the effect of soft and semi-rigid ankle orthoses on the dynamicbalance ability in patients with functional ankle instability（FAI）. Methods Thirteen patients with uni-lateral functional ankle instability were selected as objects of the study. The reaching distance of theaffected and healthy legs when wearing no orthoses,as well as wearing soft and semi-rigid ankle ortho-ses was measured in the three directions of the Y balance test. The distance,normalized to leg length,was used for the further analysis. Two-factor repetitive measurement analysis of variance（ANOVA）was used to compare the dynamic balance ability of legs when wearing different orthoses. Results The normalized reaching distance of the healthy legs decreased gradually from wearing no orthoses,towearing soft and semi-rigid orthoses（P〈0.05）. Differences were significant in the reaching distance inthe posterolateral direction of the affected legs when wearing nothing and soft orthoses（P〈0.05）,butthere were no significant differences between wearing semi-rigid orthoses and nothing（P〉0.05）. Conclusions Wearing soft orthoses can increase the reaching distance of the affected legs of FAI patients inthe posterolateral direction of the Y balance test,indicating the improvement of the dynamic balanceability of the affected legs. Wearing semi-rigid orthoses has no effect on the dynamic balance abilityfor the legs with FAI. However,it has an adverse effect on dynamic balance ability for healthy limb ofFAI patients wearing soft or semi-rigid ankle orthoses.