禁食对大鳞副泥鳅形态学及各型白细胞百分比的影响

The effect of fasting on morphology and percentages of different subtypes of leukocytes in Paramisgurnus dabryanus

为探究大鳞副泥鳅(Paramisgurnus dabryanus)对饥饿胁迫的响应,测定了自由取食组、禁食3 d组、7 d、21 d和28 d组其体重与体长的比值(重长比)、比肝重和比脾重指数、各型白细胞的百分比及嗜中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞(N/L)的比值的变化。重长比随饥饿时间延长呈下降趋势,但组间差异不显著(P>0.05);比脾重无组间差异(P>0.05),比肝重在禁食21d后显著下降(P<0.05)。单核细胞的百分比自由取食组显著高于禁食21d组(P<0.05);嗜中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞的百分比自由取食组与其他组间均无显著差异,但嗜中性粒细胞的百分比禁食21 d组显著高于禁食21 d、7 d和28 d组(P<0.05),淋巴细胞的百分比禁食21 d组显著低于禁食7 d和28 d组(P<0.05)。N/L的比值自由取食组与其他组间均无显著差异,但禁食21 d组显著高于禁食7 d和28 d组(P<0.05)。结果表明,大鳞副泥鳅通过降低的重长比和比肝重来响应禁食的影响,各型白细胞的百分比和N/L的比值的变化趋势多样,这可能与各自的生理功能有关。

To explore the responsiveness to starvation threatens in Paramisgurnus dabryanus, the changes of the ratio of body mass to body length, the index of relative liver and spleen wet mass, percentages of different subtypes of leukocyte, and the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes （N/L） were measured from feeding group （Fe）, fasting groups for three days （Fa3d）, one week （Fa7d）, three weeks （Fa21d） and four weeks （Fa28 d）. The ratio of body mass to body length showed a reduction tendency with prolonged fasting time, but no significant difference between groups was found （P 〉0.05）. The index of relative spleen wet mass did not differ among groups （P 〉0.05）, but the index of relative liver wet mass was significantly declined in group Fa21d （P 〈0.05）. The percentage of monocytes was significantly greater in group Fe than group Fa21d. The percentage of neutrophils or lymphocytes in group Fe was similar to that of other groups （P 〉0.05）. The percentage of neutrophils was higher in group Fa21d than in group Fa3d, Fa7d, or Fa28d （P 〈0.05）; the percentage of lymphocytes was significantly lower in group Fa21d than in group Fa7d or Fa28d （P 〈0.05）. The ratio of N/L in group Fe was similar to that of any other group, which was higher in group Fa21d than in group Fa7d or Fa28 d. These results indicated that Paramisgurnus dabryanus responds to fasting through reducing the ratio of body mass to body length and declining the relative liver wet mass. The changing tendencies of percentages of different subtypes of leukocyte, as well as the ratio of N/L were various, which may correlate with their specific physiological functions.