初花后短日照诱导对小豆叶片内源激素含量变化的影响

Effects of short-day photoperiod inducement after early flowering on endogenous hormones of adzuki bean leaves

以中熟品种‘冀红9218’和晚熟品种‘唐山红小豆’为试材,在初花-初荚(EF-EP)、初荚-初粒(EP-ES)和初花-初粒(EF-ES)期进行短日照诱导,通过酶联免疫技术来研究初花后小豆叶片的内源激素含量以及之间的动态平衡。结果表明,初花后短日照诱导使小豆的株高降低,花期提前,且‘唐山红小豆’更为明显;2个品种的GA_(1+3)和ABA含量较对照呈现降低趋势,IAA含量的变化不同,‘冀红9218’在开花期、结荚期和鼓粒期的波动不大,但各个处理较对照降低,而‘唐山红小豆’在开花期和结荚期较对照降低,鼓粒期却升高,2个品种的ZR含量较对照呈现升高趋势,但‘唐山红小豆’却稍有差异,开花期降低,而在结荚期和鼓粒期较对照都升高,鼓粒期升高显著,激素含量的变化会影激素之间的动态平衡,与对照相比,2个品种的GA_(1+3)/ABA和IAA/ABA比值降低,而ZR/ABA和(ZR+GA_(1+3))/ABA比值呈现升高趋势,由激素含量及其比值之间的变化可以看出,初花后短日照诱导使ZR含量升高,促使小豆植株细胞分裂旺盛,生长迅速,营养物质快速转移至果荚中,提前成熟,但较初花前作用减弱。

In this research, medium maturing cultivar ＇Jihong 9218＇ and late maturing cultivar ＇Tangshan hongxiaodou＇were induced by short-day photoperiod at early flowering-early podding （EF-EP）, early podding-early seed（EP-ES） and early flowering-early seed（EF-ES） stages. Endogenous hormone content and dynamic balance of adzuki bean leaves after early flowering were determined through ELISA （enzyme linked immunosorbent assay）. Analysis results showed that short-day photoperiod inducement after early flowering would decrease the plant height, advance the flowering time, and which was more obvious in ‘Tangshan hongxiaodou＇; GAI＋3 and ABA in two adzuki bean leaves of each treatment showed decreasing trends compared with the control, but the change of IAA content was different, as ‘Jihong 9218＇ had little fluctuation at flowering, podding and seed-filling stages and each treatment was lower than the control, however, which in ‘Tangshan hongxiaodou＇was decreased compared with the control at flowering and podding stages, but it was increased at seed-filling stage; ZR content in two adzuki bean varieties showed an increasing trend, but which in ‘Tangshan hongxiaodou＇was slightly different and decreased at flowering stage, however, it was increased compared with the control at podding and seed-filling stages, and the latter was increased significantly. The changes of hormone content affected the dynamic balance between hormones; the ratios of GA1＋3/ABA and IAA/ABA in two adzuki beans were decreased, however, which of ZR/ABA and （ZR＋GA1＋3）/ABA showed increasing trends under short-day photoperiod inducement after early flowering, but they had slight differences in some stages. From the change of hormone content and its ratio, it could be seen that ZR content was increased under short-day photoperiod inducement after early flowering and could promote the cell division, rapid growth and nutrient translocation quickly to the podding of adzuki bean, led to the plant early maturity, but the effects were weakened compared with before early flowering.