我国土壤中铜的污染现状与修复研究进展

An overview of current status of copper pollution in soil and remediation efforts in China

铜是动植物必需的微量营养元素,但过量的铜会严重影响动植物的生长。近年来,随着工农业的迅速发展,土壤铜污染已成为重要的土壤环境污染问题之一。土壤铜污染不仅降低土壤环境质量,而且影响植物、土壤微生物、土壤酶活性等的平衡稳定发展,并威胁农产品质量安全。文中综述现阶段我国土壤铜污染的来源、污染现状,分析了土壤铜污染的特点及对土壤生态系统的危害,介绍土壤铜污染的预防方法,分析并总结目前用于治理土壤铜污染的修复技术原理、适用性及其国内外研究与发展动态,进一步提出未来我国土壤铜污染修复技术有待深入研究的相关问题,以期为我国土壤铜污染的研究和修复治理提供参考。

Copper（Cu）is an essential micronutrient of plants and animals,but excessive Cu can stunt plant and animal growth.With China＇s rapid industrial and agricultural developments in recent years,Cu contamination in soils has become one of the most serious issues of environmental pollution.Copper contamination not only reduces soil quality,but also disrupts homeostasis in plants,soil microorganisms,soil enzyme activities,etc.,and most importantly it threatens the quality and safety of agricultural products.Here,we first review the source and current status of Cu contamination in soil in China,and analyze the characteristics of Cu contamination and its harmfulness to the soil ecosystem.We then introduce Cu pollution prevention methods,and summarize the principle and applicability of and progress of research and development in each remediation technology used to remediate Cu contaminated soil.Finally,we discussion the problems in current soil remediation methods that deserve further study.Overall,we provide a comprehensive literature for future research and development in Cu contaminated soil remediation in China.