非正规部门灰色竞争下的企业创新研究

Study on Firms' Innovation under the Gray Competition from Informal Sector

基于世界银行对中国企业的调查数据,本文采用二元Probit回归模型,实证探析了来自非正规部门的灰色竞争对企业创新的影响。研究发现,无论是产品创新还是流程创新,都和非正规部门灰色竞争存在非线性的倒U关系:当灰色竞争较小时,会促进企业创新;随着灰色竞争加大,企业创新的可能性增大;当灰色竞争很大时,会抑制企业的创新。此外,研究结果表明,年轻企业同成熟企业相比,企业创新受到非正规部门灰色竞争的影响更大;非出口企业同出口企业相比,流程创新也会有类似的效应。本文的研究结果对于企业制定创新战略及政府制定政策如何处理与非正规部门的关系有一定的借鉴意义。

Using Chinese firms＇ data from the Word Bank Enterprise Surveys, this paper makes an empirical study on the effect of gray competition from informal sector on corporate innovation based on a Probit regression model. The empirical result shows that there exists an inverted-U relationship between gray competition and firm＇ s innovation, both on process innovation and product innovation： when competitive pressure from informal sector is low, firms tend to be more innovative; when gray competitive pressure grows, the probability of firms to innovate increases; but it eventually stifles the firms＇ innovation when gray competitive pressure is too high. Besides, the innovation of younger firms is more intensely afl＇eeted by gray competitive from informal sector than those of older firms. Compared with those of exporting firms, the process innovation of non-exporting firms has the same efl＇eet as younger firms. The conclusions have some policy implications to firms＇ innovation strategy and governance to deal with informal sector.