考虑风险厌恶的供应链退货策略研究

Research on Return Policy for Supply Chain with Risk Aversion

考虑供应链成员的风险厌恶,本文构建单一制造商和零售商组成的供应链系统,通过逆向递归法求得完全退货和无退货两种不同策略下的均衡解,对比并提出供应链成员如何选择退货策略的最优条件。数值实验分析了供应链成员的风险厌恶程度对均衡结果的影响。结论表明:供应链成员风险厌恶程度越高,零售商越倾向于全退货策略;当厌恶程度足够大时,制造商和零售商均会选择全退货策略。此外,最优订购量不受零售商风险厌恶程度的影响,批发价格和制造商绩效水平与风险厌恶程度呈负相关关系。

Considering the risk aversion of supply chain＇ s members, in the literature, we construct a SC system com- posed of a single manufacturer and retailer, then the method of backward induction is used to obtain game equilibrium. For the no-return policy and full-return policy, the conditions how the members choose channel policy are acquired by comparison and analysis on optimal parameters. Finally, the effect of the risk attitude of the members on the equilibrium is verified by numerical experiments. The results show that the more risk averse to supply chain members, the more likely the retailer tends toward full-return policy. When the risk sensitivity is large enough, the whole supply chain will choose the full-return policy. In addition, we find that order size is not affected by the retailer＇ s risk sensitivity, the wholesale price and the manufacturer＇ s MS value are negatively correlated with the risk sensitivity of the members.