基于HEC-ResSim模型的丰满水电站生态调度模拟

Ecological Scheduling Simulation of Fengman Hydropower Station Based on HEC-ResSim Model

为了改善丰满水电站下游产漂流性卵鱼类的产卵环境,提出合理可行的生态调度方案,保障电站安全稳定运行及上下游生态环境的可持续发展。通过定量描述涨水过程的涨水指标在丰满大坝下游河段的时空变化特征,将刺激产漂流性卵鱼类产卵的生态因素纳入到水库调度方案中。设定丰满水库的反调节水库——永庆水库建设前的有效涨水持续天数、有效涨水次数和前后两次有效涨水间隔时间的多年平均值,以及对其断面初始流量和流量日增加量分别提高50%和100%为生态调度目标,建立基于HEC-Res Sim模型的丰满-永庆联合生态调度模型,对其在丰平枯水年6种情境下的联合生态调度进行模拟和分析。从而为丰满水电站在实施生态调度期间的调峰发电运行方式提出指导性建议,并对其他重建水电站的生态调度模拟具有借鉴意义。

In order to improve the oviposition environment of the drifting egg fishes in the downstream of Fengman Hydropower Station, a reasonable and feasible ecological scheduling scheme was put forward to ensure the safe and stable operation of power station and develop the upstream and downstream ecological environment sustainably. This paper quantitatively described the spatial and temporal changes of swell indices in the Fengman dam downstream. This will consider the ecological factors that stimulate the spawning of drifting egg fishes into the reservoir scheduling scheme. The ecological scheduling targets were the average of effective number of water-rising processes, total effective water-rising duration, time interval between two successive flood peak processes, and initial flowrate through the cross-section, daily increasing rate of flowrate that increased by 50% and 100%. A combined ecological scheduling model of Fengman-Yongqing reservoir based on HEC-ResSim model was established, and it was simulated and analyzed in six situations. It provides guidance for the operation mode of Fengman Hydropower Station during the implementation of ecological scheduling, and reference to other rebuilt hydropower stations.