深绿木霉T2菌株对苹果霉心病的防治效果研究

Efficiency of Trichoderma atroviride T2 strain in controlling of apple mould core

为了明确深绿木霉(Trichoderma atroviride)T2菌株对苹果霉心病的防治效果,采用对峙培养的方法测定了T2菌株对苹果霉心病3种主要病原菌的抑制作用。结果表明,T2菌株及其发酵液对苹果霉心病的主要病原菌粉红单端孢(Trichothecium roseum)、砖红镰刀菌(Fusarium lateritium)和苹果链格孢(Alternaria mali)均具有较强的抑制作用。拮抗效果测定结果表明,T2菌株对砖红镰刀菌和苹果链格孢有很强的抑制作用,抑制率分别为81.44%、85.51%。T2菌株发酵原液对苹果链格孢和砖红镰刀菌的抑菌作用较强,抑制率均在80%以上,与生物源农药3%多抗霉素(6.67μg/m L)对3种苹果霉心病病原菌的抑菌作用相比,无显著差异。离体果实防效结果表明,T2菌株发酵液对苹果霉心病具有较好的防治效果,处理后第5d其防效平均为78.59%。综上,T2菌株对苹果霉心病具有较好的防治效果,研究结果可为苹果霉心病的防治及其生防制剂的研发提供理论基础。

To identify the control effect of T2（Trichoderma atroviride） on the disease of apple mould core. The inhibitory effect of T2 strain against Trichothecium roseum, Fusarium lateritium and Alternaria mali that the main pathogens causing apple mouldy core disease were tested by dual culture methods. The result showed that T2 strain and its fermentation presented significant inhibitory effect on the main pathogens of T. roseum, F. lateritium and A. mali that causing apple mold core disease. The antagonistic effect showed that T2 strain exhibited significant inhibitory effect on F. lateritium and A. mali, and the inhibition rate was 81.44% and 85.51% respectively. Moreover, T2 fermentation also presented significant inhibitory effect on A. mali and F. lateritium, and the inhibition rate was more than 80%. There was no significant difference in comparison to 3% polyamycin（6.67 μg/m L）. In addition, the fermentation of T2 strain had significant control effect in controlling of apple mould core disease in vitro fruit experiments, and the average control effect was 78.59% at fifth days after treatment. T2 strain exhibited significant control effect on apple mold core disease. Our results can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of apple mould core, it also can provide a theoretical basis for research and development of biological agents.