经皮冠状动脉介入术后老年急性冠脉综合征患者的焦虑情况及其影响因素

Anxiety of elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention and its influencing factors

目的:调查老年急性冠脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)术后焦虑情况并分析其影响因素。方法:采用便利抽样法选取2017年2月至2018年2月中国人民解放军海军总医院收治的老年ACS患者276例,所有患者行PCI治疗,采用自行设计的老年ACS患者PCI术后焦虑调查问卷调查患者焦虑情况,采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析影响患者焦虑的因素。结果:60~75岁女性焦虑评分明显高于男性;男性患者中75岁以上的焦虑评分高于60~75岁,而女性患者中60~75岁焦虑评分高于75岁以上(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:性别(OR=1.713)、年龄(OR=1.623)、运动强度(OR=1.436)、运动时间(OR=1.323)及生活状态(OR=1.315)是影响术后患者焦虑的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:不同年龄段、不同性别老年ACS患者PCI术后焦虑程度存在差异,可尝试通过有针对性的社会性支持、合理运动等手段改善其焦虑情绪。

Objective： To investigate the anxiety of elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome（ACS） after percutaneous coronary intervention（PCI） and analyze the influencing factors. Methods： A total of 276 elderly patients with ACS in Navy PLA General Hospital from February 2017 to February 2018 were selected by the convenience sampling method, all patients underwent PCI surgery, a self-designed elderly patients with ACS after PCI anxiety survey questionnaire was used to investigate anxiety of them, single factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the factors influencing anxiety in patients. Results： The female anxiety score was significantly higher than that of men in the age group of 60–75 years. Men over 75 years old have higher anxiety than men aged 60–75（P〈0.05）. Anxiety score of men over 75 years old was higher than that of men aged 60–75, while anxiety score of female patients aged 60–75 years was higher than that of female patients older than 75 years（P〈0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that sex（OR=1.713）, age（OR=1.623）, exercise intensity（OR=1.436）, exercise time（OR=1.323） and living status（OR=1.315） were risk factors of anxiety of elderly patients with ACS after PCI（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： There are differences in the anxiety level of patients with ACS after PCI at different ages and sex. We may try to reduce the anxiety through targeted social support and reasonable exercise.