寒冷地区某公共建筑夏季室外风环境模拟分析及评价

Simulation Analysis and Evaluation of Public Building Outdoor Wind Environment in Cold Area in Summer

建筑群和高大建筑物会显著改变城市近地面层风场结构。近地风的状况与建筑物的外形、尺寸、建筑物之间的相对位置以及周围地形地貌有着很复杂的关系。在有较强来流时,建筑物周围某些地区会出现强风;如果这些强风区出现在建筑物入口、通道、露台等行人频繁活动的区域,则可能使行人感到不舒适、甚至带来伤害,形成恶劣的风环境问题。在一般的气候条件下,他们直接影响着城市环境的小气候和环境的舒适性;一旦遇到大风,这种影响往往会变成灾害,使建筑外墙局部的玻璃幕墙、窗扇、雨棚等受到破坏,威胁着室内外的安全。为了更好的设计、评价绿色建筑,达到国家《绿色建筑评价标准》GB/T50378-2014关于室外风环境的要求,现对寒冷地区某公共建筑夏季室外风环境进行模拟分析。

Architectural complex and tall buildings will significantly change the wind field structure of urban areas near ground floor. There is a complex relationship between the condition of the near-earth wind and the shape, size, relative position of the buildings and the surrounding topography. Strong winds occur in certain areas around buildings when there is a strong flow. If the wind zone is located at the buildings＇ entrance, channel, terrace or the pedestrian area with high people volume, the pedestrian may feel uncomfortable and even get hurt, which constitutes a bad effect of the wind environment. Under normal climatic conditions, only small climate and the comfort ability of the urban environment will be affected; however, once encountered strong wind, this kind of influence often becomes a disaster, for example, the glass curtain wall, building exterior wall, window fan, rain shed may be destroyed, threatening both the indoor and outdoor safety. For a better evaluation and design of green building, and to meet the national ＂green building evaluation standard＂ GB/T50378-2014 requirement, a simulation analysis about the outdoor wind environment within a public building in cold areas during summer season has been established here.