论集体经营性建设用地入市对农村发展的影响

Impact of Rural Construction Land Marketization on Rural Development

研究目的:分析集体经营性建设用地入市对农村发展的影响,为完善集体经营性建设用地入市试点及推广提出建议。研究方法:文献分析法、实地调研。研究结果:(1)集体经营性建设用地的合法存量并非源于法律授予,而是源于对既成事实的默许;(2)不均衡的集体经营性建设用地存量受到入市政策的刺激,将脱离集体经营性建设用地设置的初衷,再加上耕地保护政策的限制,两者共同挤压了农村产业发展的用地空间;(3)多种农地利用政策的交互作用将会导致不同的农地政策在落地时出现目标冲突,进而影响农村土地的实际利用。研究结论:应在集体经营性建设用地全面入市之前厘清存量差异的均衡办法、使用权价格形成机制,简化集体经营性建设用地入市所承载的多元目标,从而使集体经营性建设用地更好的服务于新时代农业农村的发展。

The purpose of this paper is to offer some suggestions on improving the pilot program of rural construction land marketization. The research methods include literature analysis and fieldwork. The results of the paper show that 1）the legal stock of rural construction land is derived from the acquiescence of an established fact, which is not granted by law; 2）the stock with huge differences would breach the original intention under the stimulation of the marketization, with the joint effect of cultivated land protection policies, the space of rural development will be squeezed; 3）the interaction of various land-use policies would lead to the target conflicts on the different rural land policies, which would influence the actual utilization of rural land. In conclusion, we should design the balanced approaches to get rid of the stock difference; the price formation mechanism of the right to use should be clarified; and the multiple objectives of the marketization should be simplified. Consequently, it is expected that rural construction land marketization can better facilitate the development of agriculture and rural areas in the new era.