政企合作(PPP)项目治理风险评价与策略研究——基于社会网络(SNA)方法

Research on Governance Risk Evaluation and Policy for the Public-Private-Partnership Project Based on Social Network Method

政企合作(PPP)项目涉及众多利益相关方,呈现出以政府方和社会资本方为双中心的社会网络特征。错综复杂的项目网络结构极易引起PPP项目的治理风险,而治理风险已成为PPP项目高失败率的关键因素。当项目利益相关方的网络关系结构不合理时,难以具备实现角色责任应有的权力和能力,造成利益相关方行为的不确定性,从而产生较大的治理风险。从双中心网络视角出发构建PPP项目双中心网络模型,基于社会网络方法(SNA)设计符合PPP项目双中心特征的治理风险评价指标,并通过选取典型的PPP项目案例验证模型和指标的有效性,为PPP项目治理风险评价提供决策依据和策略建议,以有效提升政府方和社会资本方的风险防控能力及PPP项目成功率。

The PPP projects involve a large number of stakeholders and presents the social network as double centers,i.e.,the government and the social capital. A complex project network structure can easily lead to the PPP projects＇ governance risk,which has already become the key reason for the high failure rate of PPP projects. When the project＇s stakeholders network structure is irrational,it＇s difficult for the stakeholders to have enough authority to realize its responsibility,which may cause the uncertainty of stakeholders＇ behavior,thus resulting in serious governance risk. In this study,the double-centered network model of PPP projects is constructed from the perspective of double-centered network. The SNA method is used to design the governance risk evaluation indexes that can reflect the network＇s characteristics. The effectiveness of the risk evaluation indexes is verified by case study. This study provides reference for PPP project governance risk evaluation and policy,which can effectively enhance the ability of the government and the social capital to prevent and control project risks and improve the success rate of PPP projects.