舒适护理在重症急性胰腺炎患者中运用的研究进展

Progress in research of comfort nursing in patients with severe acute pancreatitis

重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis, SAP)目前临床只有手术和内科保守治疗两种方式,而护理是辅助治疗的重要方法.由于疾病的特点、治疗方式给患者带来了诸多的不适与痛苦,传统的护理已经无法满足患者积极接受治疗和舒适康复的需求.舒适护理能够尽可能地减轻患者的痛苦,使患者在各方面达到最愉悦、最舒适的状态.因此制定符合SAP患者的舒适护理模式对其治疗至关重要.舒适护理的实施受到陌生的住院环境、患者的家庭及社会支持、经济条件、疾病和治疗等因素的制约.由此逐一解除限制性因素才能使舒适护理得到长期发展.本文对SAP患者舒适护理的影响因素及相应的对策进行综述.

At present, only surgical treatment and internal conservative treatment are feasible for severe acute pancreatitis （SAP）, while nursing is an important method for adjuvant therapy. Because the clinical features and treatment methods of SAP bring much discomfort and pain to the patients, traditional nursing has been unable to meet the needs of the patients for active treatment and comfort recovery. Instead, comfort care can relieve patients＇ pain as much as possible so that patients can, in all aspects, achieve the most pleasant and comfortable state. Therefore, the development of a comfortable care model for patients with SAP is crucial to its treatment. However, the implementation of comfort care is often restricted by factors such as unfamiliar hospitalization environment, patients＇ family, social support, economic conditions, the disease itself, and treatment. Thus, long- term development of comfort care can be achieved only after restrictive factors are solved. This article reviews the factors affecting the comfort of patients with SAP and the corresponding countermeasures.