储藏期油茶籽霉菌多样性分析

Analysis of Fungi Diversity in Stored Camellia Oleifera Seeds

为了系统地揭示储藏期油茶籽霉菌多样性,从广西百色地区采购、在自然条件下储藏15个月霉变的油茶籽(带油茶籽外壳)为检测材料,采用平板菌落计数法进行油茶籽壳、仁可培养霉菌总数测定,Miseq高通量测序方法进行油茶籽壳、仁样品ITS区高通量测序分析。结果表明:油茶籽壳、仁霉菌总数分别为(3. 25±0. 28) lg CFU/g和(2. 70±0. 49) lg CFU/g;油茶籽壳、仁真菌有效序列分别为42 332条和34 625条,序列数趋势与可培养霉菌计数结果一致;在97%的相似水平下对所有序列进行操作分类单元(Operational Taxonomic Units,OTU)的划分,油茶籽壳有69个OTU、油茶籽仁有57个OTU;真菌种类覆盖了4个门、26个科、31个属,油茶籽壳、仁的污染霉菌主要是曲霉属(Aspergillus)、节担菌属(Wallemia),其中曲霉属在油茶籽壳中占81. 51%,在油茶籽仁中占74. 50%,除该属外,节担菌属在油茶籽壳中占10. 75%,在油茶籽仁中占18. 42%。

To assess the diversity of fungi in stored camellia oleifera seeds, a random extraction of mouldy Camellia oleifera seeds （with Camellia oleifera seeds shell） purchasing from the Baise region of Guangxi and storing for 15 months under natural conditions was used as the testing material. The total number of culturable fungi of Camellia oleifera seeds kernel （with Camellia oleifera seeds shell） was measured by plate colony counting method, and the Miseq high -throughput sequencing technique was applied to analyze the ITS area in them. The results showed that the total number of seeds shells and seed kernels were （3.25± 0.28 ） lg CFU/g and （2.70 ± 0.49 ） lg CFU/g, respectively. The effective sequences of Camellia oleifera seeds shell were 42332, and seeds kernel were 34625. The trend of sequence number was consistent with the result of culturable fungi count. At the divergence level of 0.03, camellia oleifera seeds shell＇s sequences were divided into 69 OTU, camellia seeds kernel＇s sequences were divided into 57 OTU to analyze the Operational Taxonomic Units（OTU） ; The species of fungi covered 4 phylums, 26 families and 31 genus. The contamination fungi of Camellia oleifera seeds shell and seeds kernel were mainly Aspergillus and Wallemia, of which the predominated was Aspergillus with the highest ratio of 81.51% in camellia oleifera seeds shell and 74.50 % in camellia seeds kernel. The proportion of Wallemia was 10.75% in camellia oleifera seeds shell and 18.42% in camellia seeds kernel.