高温硬地层钻进中PDC钻头切削齿磨损研究

Wear of PDC Cutters in High Temperature Hard Formation Drilling

随着新时代对绿色环保资源的需求日渐旺盛,地热资源即将进入大规模开发阶段。为经济、高效获取地热资源,目前主要应用的是PDC钻头。但是,部分钻取地热井存在遭遇高温硬地层的情况,常规PDC钻头存在耐高温性能差、硬度略低、耐磨性不足等问题。本文总结了深部高温硬地层钻进时PDC切削齿受到磨粒磨损,冲击磨损,热损伤等3种磨损机理,介绍了4种提高PDC切削齿耐高温性,硬度及耐磨性的方法:涂层技术、改善钻进参数,复合钻头和钎焊切削齿。根据目前研究情况,建议单个PDC切削齿实验可以从实现独立分析与切削齿关联性相结合方面展开,通过动态建模和工作状态实时模拟优化设计方案。

With the increasing demand for green environmental protection resources in the new era, geothermal resources are about to enter a large-scale development stage. At present, PDC bits are mainly used to achieve the economic and efficient access to geothermal resources. However, when drilling into high-temperature hard formations, there are problems with conventional PDC bits such as poor high-temperature resistance, slightly lower hardness than required, insufficient wear resistance. This paper summarizes the three wear mechanisms of PDC cutters： abrasive wear, impact wear, and thermal damage, which occur in drilling deep high temperature hard formations. Four methods for improving the high temperature resistance, hardness, and wear resistance of PDC cutters are described： coating technology, improvement of drilling parameters, composite drill bits and brazed cutting teeth. According to the current research situation, it is recommended that experiment on single PDC cutters be carried out from the perspective of combining the realization of independent analysis with the cutter correlation, and the design be optimized by dynamic modeling and real-time simulation of the working status.