应对气候变化的跨境水资源国际管理实践及对中国的启示

Policy and Practice of Transboundary Water Governance to Climate Change Adaptation and Enlightenment to China

跨界水资源利用与管理涉及流域国家之间资源分配、环境治理等问题,是国际社会广泛关注的重要议题。气候变化导致的水资源脆弱性进一步加剧了跨界水资源管理的复杂性。我国是亚洲大陆主要国际河流的发源地,如何合理开发跨界水资源,应对气候变化和保障水资源安全,是我国可持续发展面对的重大战略问题。文章对国际典型跨界水资源应对气候变化的管理政策及实践进行梳理,并从流域管理理念、体制机制建设、加强立法、关键研究问题方面对我国应对气候变化,完善跨界水资源管理提出了建议。

The utilization and governance of transboundary water involves the issue of resource allocation and environmental management among river basin countries, that is an important issue widely concerned by the international community. The vulnerability of water resources to climate change further exacerbates the complexity of transboundary water governance. China is the most important upstream country in the world, where the major transboundary river basins in Asian continent originate. How to develop transboundary water, tackle climate change and ensure water resources security is a key strategic issue facing China＇s sustainable development. This research analyzes the management policies and practices from transboundary water basins＇ action to climate change, and puts forward some suggestions on how to deal with climate change and improve transboundary water resources governance from： river basin governance concept, institution and mechanism construction, strengthening legislation and key research questions.