福建闽江河口湿地国家级自然保护区社区居民可持续生计评价与分析

Evaluation and Analysis on Sustainable Livelihoods of Community Residents in Minjiang River Estuary Wetland National Nature Reserve of Fujian Province

为了解决对自然保护区内的资源和环境的保护与当地社区居民的可持续生计问题之间的矛盾,利用可持续生计分析框架,采用问卷调查法和层次分析法,对福建闽江河口湿地国家级自然保护区的社区居民可持续生计进行了评价与分析。研究结果表明,福建闽江河口湿地国家级自然保护区的社区居民生计可持续性评价指数为0.593,表明社区居民生计可持续性一般,生计资本和生计策略指数处于中等水平,社区居民生计面临人力资本水平低、缺乏生态补偿制度、生计类型简单和缺乏生计技能等问题,提出了福建闽江河口湿地国家级自然保护区的社区居民生计可持续发展建议。

This study evaluated and analyzed the sustainable livelihood of the residents in Minjiang Estuary Wetland Nationl Nature Reserve of Fujian Province by means of questionnaires and analytic hierarchy process based on the Sustainable Livelihoods Analysis Framework. The objective was to solve the problems of environmental and resources protection in the natural reserve and the sustainable livelihood of residents in the local communities. The results showed that the sustainable livelihood index of the community residents in the reserve was 0.593. The sustainability of livelihoods was acceptable, and the indexes of livelihood capital and livelihood strategy were at a moderate level. However, the livelihood of community residents was confronted with low level of human capital, lack of ecological compensation system, simple livelihood type and lack of livelihood skills. Suggestions on sustainable development of community residents＇ livelihoods in the reserve were proposed.