欧洲应用科学大学治理制度演化研究

The Evolution of Governance System in European University of Applied Sciences

20世纪六七十年代以来,欧洲应用科学大学体系逐渐成为社会创新发展"知识三角"中的重要一极,其合法性得到社会广泛认可。毫无疑问,治理制度是应用科学大学持续健康发展的有效保证。新制度主义认为,制度是嵌入既有意义系统的一套相对稳定的规则,具有情境性和动态性。新制度主义为阐释大学治理制度演化提供了理论依据。随着知识经济的出现和应用型人才需求的迅猛增长,欧洲大学主导体系逐步过渡到二元体系,应用科学大学系统从诞生到成熟历经治理制度现代化变革过程,外部治理呈现分权、移权和赋权特色,内部治理实现实质性自治和程序性自治。

Since the 1960 s and 1970 s,the system of European universities of applied sciences has gradually become an important pole in the＂knowledge triangle＂of social innovation and development,and its legitimacy has been widely recognized by society. There is no doubt that the governance system is an effective guarantee for the sustainable and healthy development of applied sciences universities. New institutionalism holds that institution is a set of relatively stable rules embedded in a meaningful system,which is situational and dynamic. New institutionalism provides a theoretical basis for explanation of the evolution of university governance system. With the emergence of knowledge economy and the rapid growth of the demand for applied talents,the leading system of European universities is gradually transitioning to a dual system,and the university system of applied sciences has experienced the process of modernization of governance system from its birth to maturity. External governance shows the characteristics of decentralization,power transfer and empowerment,and internal governance realizes substantive autonomy and procedural autonomy.