龙脑樟枝叶平衡脱水干燥工艺优选

Optimization of the drying process on Balance dehydration of Cinnamomum camphora chvar.Borneol branches and leaves

目的优选龙脑樟枝叶平衡脱水的最佳干燥工艺,为龙脑樟新鲜枝叶的现代干燥工艺提供试验依据。方法分别观察龙脑樟枝叶的外观性状、粉末显微结构,并采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术,以挥发油中右旋龙脑、樟脑及异龙脑含量为指标,综合评价不同干燥温度、干燥湿度和干燥时间对龙脑樟枝叶品质的影响,探索龙脑樟枝叶干燥的最佳温度、最佳湿度和最佳时间,从而控制龙脑樟枝叶的质量,以优选最佳干燥工艺。结果在恒温、恒湿干燥条件下,随温度升高、干燥时间缩短,龙脑樟枝叶色泽明显变差,叶表面皱缩度变大,枝叶气味均变淡,油细胞密度变小,挥发油提取率和右旋龙脑含量均显著降低,异龙脑含量增加,其干燥品质变差。龙脑樟叶的最佳干燥工艺为温度40℃,湿度50%,时间5 h;龙脑樟枝的最佳干燥工艺为温度40℃,湿度30%,时间20 h。结论平衡脱水干燥技术可作为龙脑樟药材现代产地加工的一种快速干燥方法。

Objective To select the optimal drying process on balance dehydration of Cinnamomum camphora chvar.Borneol branches and leaves,which can provide experimental references for its modern dehydration production.Methods The branches and leaves of Cinnamomum camphora chvar. Borneol were dehumidified respectively at different time,moisture and temperature to observe appearance,microstructure of powder and measure the content of dry substances. The method of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to make the comprehensive appraisal of effects in different drying temperature,drying humidity and drying time on the quality of Cinnamomum camphora chvar.Borneol branches and leaves,based on the contents of borneol,camphor and isoborneol in volatile oil,to optimize the best drying process.Results The best drying process of the Cinnamomum camphora chvar.Borneol leaves is in the 40 ℃ and 50% humanity for 5 hours,and the best drying process of the Cinnamomum camphora chvar.Borneol branches is in the 40 ℃,30% humanity for 20 hours.Conclusion The drying process of balance dehydration can be applied as a rapid drying method for the modern primary drying process of Cinnamomum camphora chvar.Borneol.