石嘴山市水生态系统服务功能价值评价

Valuation of Water Ecosystem Services in Shizuishan

为水资源优化配置提供科学依据,以石嘴山市水生态系统服务功能价值为研究对象,综合运用影子价格法、替代成本法、旅行费用法和修复费用法等评价方法,分析了城市水生态系统在淡水供应、调节功能、休闲娱乐、环境净化等方面的正向效应。研究发现,2006—2015年10 a期间,石嘴山市城市淡水供应价值总体上呈"M"型缓慢下降趋势,其占GDP的比例也呈逐年下降趋势;随着全球气候变化日趋复杂,水生态系统发生了明显的变化,湖泊湿地在调节气候、涵养水源、保护生物多样性和保持生态平衡过程中的功能越来越重要;全市的水生态系统休闲娱乐价值呈逐年上升趋势,其占GDP的比例也呈现"W"型波动上升趋势,表明水生态系统休闲娱乐价值在城市GDP的增长中的贡献将越来越大;全市正常年份的环境净化价值为0.32亿元/a,表明水生态系统在城市产业转型过程中的环境净化价值功能较显著。

The economic value of water ecosystem service of Shizuishan was estimated by shadow price method, ahemative cost method, travel expense method and repair fee usage in this study. The positive impact of the water ecosystem on urban development was analyzed in the aspects of water supply, regulating function, leisure and entertainment, and environmental purification. The resuhs show that during the 10 years from 2006 to 2015, the freshwater supply value of Shizuishan generally presents an ＂M＂ trend, and its proportion of GDP also shows a downward trend year by year. The water ecosystem has changed significantly with the complex global climate. Lake wetland plays an increasing role in regulating climate, conserving water resources, protecting biodiversiU and maintaining ecological balance. Urban water ecosystem entertainment value rises year by year and the proportion of GDP also shows a trend of ＂W＂, which shows that the water ecosystem entertainment value is more and more significant to the GDP growth. The environmental purification value of the cityin the normal year is 32 million yuan/a, indicating that the water ecosystem plays a significant role in the process of urban industrial transformatin.