湖南濒危中药材黑老虎野生资源调查

Investigation on Wildlife Resources of Endangered Chinese Medicinal Materials of Kadsura coccinea in Hunan Province

为调查湖南省黑老虎野生资源分布、种群、群落特征及其中药材储量,对湖南21个县市的黑老虎资源状况进行了实地考察.调查结果表明:黑老虎主要分布于湖南的怀化、湘西、张家界、郴州、永州、邵阳等地,生长在海拔300 m～1 500 m的山地疏林中;种群密度较小,仅为1株/m2,平均株高约8.91 m,平均基径约1.25 cm;其群落结构由乔木、灌木、草本组成,且乔木层的物种多样性大于灌木层和草本层,伴生植物种类丰富,包括22个科41个属共50种植物;湖南黑老虎中药材总蕴藏量较少,约为12 288 kg.因此,建议应重视和加强黑老虎野生资源保护,进行人工繁育和栽培,保证黑老虎资源的可持续利用.

In order to investigate the distribution,population and community characteristics,reservesof wild Chinese herbal medicines of Kadsura coccinea resource,the situation of Kadsura coccinea resourcesin 21 counties in Hunan was investigated.The results show that the Kadsura coccinea is mainly distributedin Huaihua, Xiangxi, Zhangjiajie, Chenzhou, Yongzhou, Shaoyang of Hunan, growing in the mountainsparse forest of 300 m ~1 500 m above sea level.The population density of Kadsura coccinea in Hunan issmall,which is about 1 plant per square meter,with an average plant height of 8.91 m and an average bas-al diameter of about 1.25 cm.Its community consists of trees,shrubs and herbs,and the species diversityof the arbor layer is greater than that of the shrub layer and the herb layer,and the associated plant spe-cies are rich,including 50 species in 41 genus of 22 families.The total reserves of Chinese Kadsura coc-cinea medicinal herbs in Hunan are relatively small,about 12 288 kg.Therefore,it is recommended thatthe protection of Kadsura coccinea wild resources should be emphasized and strengthened,artificial breed-ing and cultivation should be carried out to ensure the sustainable use of Kadsura coccinea resources.