蒙脱土的改性及其在聚氨酯中的应用研究进展

Modification of Montmorillonite and Its Application in Polyurethane

蒙脱土是一种二维平面层状结构的硅酸盐类的天然矿物,其晶层间以范德华力结合,表面具有亲水疏油性不利于在有机相中分散,因此当蒙脱土在有机体系中应用时具有一定局限性。本文从无机、有机和有机-无机复合改性等方面综述了蒙脱土在聚氨酯泡沫、弹性体、涂料、皮革等领域的应用,针对蒙脱土在基体中的团聚、相容性等问题进行了详细分析,探索新的制备工艺及改性技术将是聚氨酯/蒙脱土复合材料今后的研究趋势。

Montmorillonite is a kind of two-dimensional planar layered silicate natural mineral. Its crystal layers arebound by van der Waals force. The surface of montmorillonite is hydrophilic and oil-dispersing, which is not conducive todispersion in organic phase. Therefore, the application of montmorillonite in organic systems has certain limitations. Theapplication of montmorillonite in polyurethane foam, elastomer, coating, leather and other fields was reviewed from theaspects of inorganic, organic and organic - inorganic composite modification. The agglomeration and compatibility ofmontmorillonite in matrix were analyzed in detail. The new preparation technology and modification technology will beFuture research trend of polyurethane / montmorillonite composite materials.