平原地区人工景观湖水动力模型试验与研究

HHydrodynamic model test and research of artificial landscape lake in plain area

近年来很多城市为美化环境兴建了人工景观湖,特别是在水资源比较丰富的平原地区尤为普遍。但是由于平原地区地势较为平坦,整个景观湖区的水力坡降较小,很容易出现景观湖区水动力不足、水质发生恶化等问题,因此对平原地区人工景观湖水动力的研究很有必要。研究以上海嘉定新城中心区的"海"字型人工景观湖远香湖为例,从物理模型试验入手,对景观湖的水体水动力进行了试验研究,提出科学、合理的、符合水流动力要求的进水水源和最佳进出口设计方案,辅以其它措施以保证"远香湖"水体流动及水体清洁。物理模型试验对自流工况、自流改进工况、辅流工况、辅流改进工况4个大工况(共计15个分工况)的湖区流场分别进行了对比研究,从而得出远香景观湖的最佳工况及其流场分布情况。物理模型试验研究模式和研究结果具有较强的应用价值,不仅适用于远香湖,对同类型的其它工程也有重要的借鉴价值和良好的推广应用前景。

In recent years, many cities have constructed artificial landscape lakes to beautify the environment,especially in plains with abundant water resources. However, due to the flat terrain in the plain area and thesmall hydraulic gradient of the whole landscape lake area, it is easy to appear the problems of insufficienthydrodynamic force and deterioration of water quality in the landscape lake area, so it is necessary to study thehydrodynamic force of the artificial landscape lake in the plain area. Taking Yuanxiang Lake as an example, thehydrodynamic characteristics of the artificial landscape lake of ＂Hai＂ type in the central area of Jiading New Townwas studied. Starting with the physical model test, a scientific and reasonable design scheme of the intake watersource and the best inlet and outlet that meets the requirements of the hydrodynamic forces was put forward, andsupplemented by other measures to ensure the water quality. Physical model tests were carried out to study theflow field of Yuanxiang landscape lake under four conditions （total 15 sub-conditions）, i.e. current condition, selfflowimprovement condition, auxiliary flow condition and auxiliary flow improvement condition）, so as to obtain the optimal working condition and the flow field distribution of Yuanxiang landscape lake. The physical modelexperimental research model and results had a strong application value, which was not only applicable to YuanxiangLake, but also had important reference value and good application prospect for other projects of the same type.