宋代地方政府公务迎送制度考论——以迎送外使为中心

On Local Government Official Service System in Song Dynasty Taking the Foreign Envoy as the Center

地方公务迎送外使是宋朝为维护外交关系交由地方政府主办的,具有政治功利性的礼仪性活动。其资金主要来源于地方政府公使钱和自筹经费,迎送人员、交通工具、迎送地点和程限因迎送对象不同而有所差别,并有相关法规规范,但在实际运行中仍会出现非法差借、贪污浪费和科差百姓等违法行为。该制度在增进国际交流的同时扩大了宋朝的财政支出,浊化了官场风气,降低了行政效率,给宋朝百姓带来了负担。

The local government＇s welcome to foreign envoys is the ceremonial activities of Song dynasty,which was hosted by local governments to maintain diplomatic relations and had a political utility. Its funds mainly came from Gongshi money and selffinancing of the local government. The vehicle,location and limits of the reception for a person are also different from another,which has specific legal edicts to regulate. However,there are lots of illegal behaviors in the actual operation,such as illegal bad loan,embezzlement and waste and so on. The increasing political,economic and cultural exchanges between countries at the same time,expand Song dynasty＇s fiscal spending,pollute the officialdom,reduce the administrative efficiency,bringing heavy burden to the ordinary people in Song dynasty.