骨科内固定植入术后发生院内感染的风险分析和护理对策

Risk Analysis and Nursing Strategies of Hospital Infection after the Internal Fixation Implantation Surgery in the Department of Orthopedics

目的探究骨科临床上采取内固定植入术之后发生院内感染的风险情况以及应当采取的护理对策。方法选取该院在2015年1月—2017年12月期间接受内固定植入术的患者临床资料78例,随机分为观察组和对照组,各39例对照组患者未发生术后感染,观察组患者发生,对比临床资料从而分析可能导致感染发生的因素。结果因手术切口感染的观察组患者占15.38%,显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.823,P<0.05);发生术后感染的观察组患者手术时间为(136.77±41.28)min,手术时机为(1.53±0.97)周,均显著大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=15.772、4.263,P<0.05);上、下呼吸道感染占15.83%,抗生素类药物使,差异有统计学意义用占33.33%,均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8.743,11.576,P<0.05);糖尿病史为48.72%,基础疾病为41.03%,均显著较高(χ~2=8.435,7.103,P<0.05)。结论通过对骨科临床上采取内固定植入术之后发生院内感染的风险因素进行分析,内固定植入术后的患者需重视对其抗感染护理,以尽可能减少术后感染的发生,值得临床推广。

Objective To study the risk analysis and nursing strategies of hospital infection after the internal fixation implantation surgery in the department of orthopedics. Methods 78 cases of patients after the internal fixation implantation surgery in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were selected, they were randmly sinided into observation group and cortrol group,each with 39 cases while the control group were not infected after surgery, but the observation group were infected, and the clinical data were compared thus analyzing the potential occurrence risks of infection. Results The ratio of patients infected due to surgical incision in the observation group was 15.38%, which was obviously higher than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant（χ2=5.823, P0.05）; and the operation time and operation opportunity in the observation group were respectively（136.77±41.28）min and（1.53±0.97）weeks, which were obviously bigger than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant（t =15.772,4.263, P0.05）; the ratios of upper and lower respiration tract infections and of antibacterial drugs were respectively 15.83% and 33.33%, which were obviously higher than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant（χ2=8.743, 11.576, P0.05）; and the diabetes history and basic disease ratios were respectively 48.72%and 41.03%, which were obviously higher, the difference was statistically significant（χ2=8.435, 7.103, P0.05）. Conclusion The analysis of risk factors of hospital infection after the internal fixation implantation surgery in the department of orthopedics in clinic shows that the patients after the internal fixation implantation surgery should attach importance to the anti-infection nursing to reduce the occurrence of postoperative infection, and it is worth clinical promotion.