龙脑香科5个树种在海南的适应性研究

The Research on the adaptability of the five tree species of the family Dipterocarpaceae

通过对龙脑香科5个树种--青皮、坡垒、望天树、羯布罗香和盈江龙脑香在海南东部、西部、南部、北部和中部地区不同的立地环境进行适应性试验,结果表明:海南原生树种青皮和坡垒的适应性较强,在不同的立地条件下,存活率几乎达到100%;羯布罗香和盈江龙脑香喜湿但不耐旱,在东部滨海砂土地几乎全部死亡,而在低矮灌丛荫蔽的潮湿环境长势非常旺盛;望天树既不耐湿也不耐旱,在西部积水或者东部滨海砂土地的存活率仅有百分之几;可见,在海南热带季风气候下,不同的立地环境会不同程度地影响各树种的生长,适应性由强到弱依次为:青皮>坡垒>羯布罗香>盈江龙脑香>望天树。

By the experimental researching on the adaptability of the five tree species of the family Diptero- carpaceae-Vatica mangachapoi,Hopea hainauensi＆Parashorea chinensis,Dipterocarpus turbinatus and Dipterocarpus retusus in different standing environments in the Eastern,Western,Southern,northern and central regions of Hainan,The results showed that the adaptability of the native tree species Vatica man- gachapoi and Parashorea chinensis in Hainan was powerful, and the survival rate reached almost 100 % under different standing conditions. Dipterocarpus turbinatus and Dipterocarpus retusus like wet but not drought-tolerant, and almost all trees of the two kinds on the eastern coast is dead, while the humid environ- ment covered by low shrubs is very strong;Parashorea c hinensis is neither wet nor drought-tolerant,and the survival rate in water land in the west or in coastal sand land in the east is only a few percent;It can be seen that in the tropical monsoon climate of Hainan, different land environments will affect the growth of various tree species in different degree, and the adaptability from strong to weak is：Vatica mangachopoi〉Hopea haina- nensis〉Dipterocarpus turbinatus〉Dipterocarpus retusus〉Parashorea chinensis.