水环境中磺胺嘧啶对异育银鲫肠道微生物的影响

Effect of sulfadiazine on the gut microbiota of Carassius auratus gibelio

【目的】了解水环境中磺胺嘧啶对异育银鲫肠道微生物组成及多样性的影响。【方法】异育银鲫分别暴露于0、1、100、10000μg/L的磺胺嘧啶水溶液中28 d,根据细菌16S rRNA的保守性设计引物,构建文库,进行高通量测序,最后进行数据分析。【结果】厚壁菌门、变形菌门和拟杆菌门是异育银鲫肠道中主要的细菌类群,经不同浓度磺胺嘧啶胁迫处理后,不仅弧菌、假单胞菌属和幽门螺杆菌属的数量显著减少,双歧杆菌、乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌的含量也下降。Venn图、稀释性曲线以及多样性指数分析结果表明,磺胺嘧啶胁迫处理后异育银鲫肠道微生物的多样性显著降低。【结论】磺胺嘧啶会使异育银鲫肠道微生物多样性显著降低,并且在抑制一些病原菌生长的同时对一些有益菌也产生了不良的影响。此结果为磺胺类药物的合理使用以及其对异育银鲫的健康生长和病害防控提供一定的理论支持。

[Objective] To assess the effect of sulfadiazine on gut microbial communities and diversity of Carassius auratus gibelio. [Methods] Fishes were exposed to different concentrations of sulfadiazine（0, 1, 100 and 10000 μg/L） for 14 d. Then, primer sequences were designed according to the conservativeness of bacteria 16 S rRNA, and libraries were constructed for high-throughput sequencing. Finally, data were analyzed. [Results] Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidates were the predominant phyla in Carassius auratus gibelio intestine. With different concentrations of sulfadiazine treated, not only the contants of Desulfovlbrlonaceae, Paeudomonas and Hellcobacter in gut decreased observably, but also the numbers of Bifidobacterium, Bacillus and Lactobacillus. The results of Rarefaction Curve, Venn and Diversity index showed that gut microbial diversity decreased siginificantly. [Conclusion] Sulfadiazine led to the microbial diversity decreased significantly and certain pathogenic bacteria could be controlled by sulfadiazine but it also had an nagative impact on some probiotics. This result provided a theoretical support for the rational use of sulfonamides and the healthy growth, disease prevention and control of Carassius auratus gibelio.