硝尔库勒湖可培养放线菌多样性及其功能酶和抗细菌活性

Diversity and antibacterial activity of culturable actinobacteria from Xiaoerkule Lake

【目的】认识和了解硝尔库勒湖可培养放线菌的多样性、功能酶和抗细菌活性特点,为今后的开发和利用奠定基础。【方法】应用可培养技术和基于16S r RNA基因序列的系统发育分析硝尔库勒盐湖沉积物中放线菌的多样性。常规方法检测样品成分因子,并筛选了嗜盐放线菌的蛋白酶、淀粉酶和酯酶活性;抑菌圈法检测放线菌新种的抗细菌活性。【结果】分离获得了51个OTUs,分属于24个不同的属,其中15个OTUs代表了放线菌新种;链霉菌属是优势菌属,占全部分离菌株数量的16.25%。硝尔库勒湖放线菌类群数量一定程度上受样品成分因子的协同影响。代表新种的菌株展示了良好的功能酶活性和抗细菌活性,其中代表链霉菌新种的菌株XHU5011不仅具有多种酶活性,而且具有强大的抗金黄葡萄球菌、耻垢分枝杆菌和荧光假单胞菌的能力,具有很好的开发潜能。【结论】硝尔库勒盐湖中存在丰富的可培养放线菌多样性,潜藏着大量的放线菌新资源,并且具有很好的功能酶和天然产物挖掘潜力。

[Objective] The study is aimed to reveal the diversity of culturable actinobacteria in Xiaoerkule salt lake, to lay a foundation for further development. [Methods] Actinobacterial diversity of Xiaoerkule lake was studied by culturable method and phylogenetic analysis based on 16 S rRNA gene sequences. Component factors of samples were tested by conventional methods. Activity for protease, amylase and asterase was tested by inoculating single colony method. Antibacterial activity of novel actinomycetes was detected by bacteriostasis ring method. [Results] In total 51 OTUs isolated from the salt lake belonged to 24 different genera, and 15 strains are novel actinomycetes. Streptomyces is predominated microorganisms for 16.25% of the total isolated amounts. Sample environmental factors affected the population of actinomycetes in this lake. Tested actinomycetes showed excellent functional enzyme activity and antibacterial activity. Strain XHU 5011, a novel actinomycete, showed great potential for anti-Staphylococcus aureus, anti-Mycobacterium smegmatis and anti-Pseudomonas fluoressens. [Conclusion] There is abundant actinobacterial diversity in the sediment of Xiaoerkule lake, and the result implies that there are large numbers of unknown actionobacterial groups here. These actinomycetes have excellent functional enzymes and provide the basis for further study on secondary metabolites.