平屋盖及双坡屋盖光伏系统风荷载特性试验研究

Experimental research on characteristics of wind loads of solar arrays mounted on flat and gable roofs

屋顶光伏系统在强风或极端风气候中破坏的现象时有发生,其风荷载是主要控制荷载之一。为研究平屋盖及双坡屋盖光伏系统的风荷载特性,通过刚性模型测压试验,分析这两种典型屋盖光伏板上、下表面风压及净风压的风压特性,给出全风向角下最不利极值吸力随附属面积的衰减曲线,并与美国加州结构工程协会（SEAOC）制定的平屋盖光伏设计规范以及已有文献建议的光伏板净风压随面积的折减曲线进行了对比。结果表明：平屋盖上光伏板的最不利净风压极值吸力大于双坡屋盖,随附属面积增加而衰减加快;平屋盖上光伏板的净风压与SEAOC规范给出的净风压设计值较为接近;当附属面积较大时,已有研究建议的光伏板设计风荷载取值偏于保守。

The failures of solar array systems occur occasionally under strong or extreme winds. The wind load is one of the main loadings on such systems. To investigate the characteristics of wind loads of solar arrays mounted on fiat roofs with deflectors and those on gable roofs, pressure measurement tests on rigid models were conducted. The wind pressures on the upper and lower surfaces of solar panels and also the net pressures for these two types of roofs were examined. The variations of the largest negative peak net pressures with the tributary areas, considering all wind directions, were obtained and compared with the provisions on the wind design of fiat-roof-mounted solar arrays by the Structural Engineers Association of California （SEAOC） as well as the recommended net pressure-effective area curves proposed by previous studies. The results indicate that the largest negative peak net pressures of solar arrays mounted on fiat roofs are larger, and decrease more rapidly with the tributary area than those on gable roofs. The results of flat roof ones agree well with the SEAOC provisions. The design wind loads proposed by previous studies are conservative when the tributary area is relatively large.