基于“一体化”视角的汶川地震乡村重建评估——以都江堰为案例

Evaluating the Reconstruction Planning after Wenchuan Earthquake:A Case Study of Dujiangyan Rural Area

结合中国城乡规划法律变迁、成都市改革实践和都江堰地震重建案例,分析城乡一体化制度在汶川地震乡村地区灾后重建中发挥的关键作用。基于统计数据、实地访谈和GIS分析,对都江堰代表性乡村的住房重建模式和效益进行时空分析与评估。研究显示,都江堰在乡村重建过程中,通过参与式制度设计,尊重和顺应受灾群众的意愿;通过分类重建模式,平衡政府、市场和受灾群众的利益,并协调生活、生产、生态等功能;通过城乡土地市场化流转,盘活农村集体建设用地指标,拓展重建资金来源。实践证明,在城乡一体化制度下,以土地利用转型带动乡村空间重构,能够促进乡村高质量重建和区域可持续发展。后续还可从其他维度深化研究,例如对都江堰农村社区重建的恢复力和满意度进行评估。

Through systematically reviewing the reform of urban-rural planning system in China and its practice in Chengdu,continuously analyzing post-Wenchuan earthquake reconstruction in the last decade,and taking Dujiangyan city as a case,we found that the importance of the integrated urban-rural development system in China＇s post-quake reconstruction would never be neglected. The evaluation was based on statistical data,GIS analysis and observation over years. Modes of housing reconstruction in rural area and their socio-economic effectiveness were compared and evaluated. It was shown that benefited from mass participation,classified reconstruction modes and land circulation policy,multiple goals including protection of rights and interests,the balance of the interests of the government,the market and the victims,the coordination of the functions of life,production and ecology,the excavation of the value of the rural collective construction land,as well as the expansion of the source of reconstruction funds were achieved during the rural reconstruction in Dujiangyan. High quality rural reconstruction and sustainable regional development are attributed to the integration of urban and rural areas. The follow-up research can be carried out from other dimensions,such as the assessment of the resilience and satisfaction of rural communities＇ reconstruction in Dujiangyan.