厦门市鼓浪屿社区833例老年人超重和肥胖的现况调查

Epidemiologic Survey of Overweight and Obesity in 833 Elderly People in Gulangyu Islet Community of Xiamen

目的了解鼓浪屿社区≥65岁老年人超重/肥胖流行特征,为制定有效预防措施提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法于2017年5月组织厦门市鼓浪屿社区≥65岁老年人进行健康体检,并对体质指数(BMI)、腰围(WC)及血压进行统计,分析其超重和肥胖率。结果 65岁以上居民BMI均值为(23.5±3.5)kg/m2,女性BMI值较男性高,差异有统计学意义(t=2.105,P=0.036);超重率和肥胖率分别为31.6%和9.8%,其中女性肥胖率为12.5%,高于男性(7.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.013,P=0.008);男性超重组SBP高于消瘦组,女性超重组SBP、DBP均高于消瘦组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);男性肥胖组SBP、DBP均高于超重组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);中心型肥胖率:女性高于男性,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=21.323,P<0.001);男性及女性老年腹型肥胖组SBP、DBP均高于正常体型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论≥65岁老年人超重情况突出,女性是肥胖干预重点人群。今后健康管理师应做好健康宣教,针对老年人采取个体化的干预措施,配合政府机构积极作用,发展、评估及执行长期的体重管理策略,从而达到综合防治控制超重和肥胖的目的。

Objective To understand the prevalence of overweight/obesity among the 65-year-old people in gulangyu community, and to provide evidence for effective preventive measures. Methods The group sampling method was used to organize the 65-year-old aged people in Gulangyu community of Xiamen City in May 2017, and statistics of body mass Index（BMI）, waist circumference（WC） and blood pressure were carried out to analyze the overweight and obesity rate. Results The average BMI of residents over 65 years old was（23.5±3.5） kg/m2, and the BMI of women was higher than that of men（t =2.105, P =0.036）. The overweight rate and obesity rate were 31.6% and 9.8%, respectively. The obesity rate of female was 12.5%, higher than that of male（7.0%）. The difference was statistically significant（χ2=7.013, P =0.008）. The super-recombinant SBP of male was higher than that of emaciated group, and the super-recombinant SBP and DBP of female were higher than that of emaciated group, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. SBP and DBP in male obesity group were higher than those in super obese group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The central obesity rate was higher in women than in men, and the difference was statistically significant（χ2=21.323, P〈0.001）. SBP and DBP in male and female elderly abdominal obesity group were higher than those in normal body type group, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion ≥65-aged elderly overweight, women are obese intervention focus group. In the future, health managers should do well in health education, adopt individualized intervention measures for the elderly, and develop, evaluate and implement long-term weight management strategies in order to achieve comprehensive control over overweight and obesity, with the active role of government agencies.