肿瘤医院工作场所暴力与护士共情疲劳的相关性研究

Study on the eorrlation between workplace violence and empathy fatigue of nurses in tumor hospital

目的对肿瘤医院护士工作场所暴力、共情疲劳进行调查，并分析影响肿瘤医院护士共情疲劳的因素，为预防护士职业倦怠和离职提供参考。方法运用方便抽样的方法，选取哈尔滨医科大学附属肿瘤医院865名护理人员为研究对象。采用一般资料问卷、工作场所暴力测定频度量表、共情疲劳量表进行调查。结果肿瘤医院护士工作场所暴力零频度261名占30．17％，低频度336名占38．84％，中频度245名占28．32％，高频度23名占2．66％；护士共情疲劳轻度171名占19．77％，中度339名占39．19％，重度355名占41．04％；工作场所暴力与共情疲劳的“同情满意”维度评分呈负相关（r=-0．164，P〈0．01），与“职业倦怠”“继发性创伤应激”维度评分呈正相关（r=0．149、0．196，均P〈0．01）；护士的学历及工作场所暴力是“同情满意”的主要影响因素（t=8．284、-4．664，均P〈0．01）；工作场所暴力、工作年限和年龄是“职业倦怠”的主要影响因素（t=8．905、4．114、2．986，均P〈0．01）；工作场所暴力、科室（放射科）及学历是“继发性创伤应激”的主要影响因素（t=8．242、-5．822、-3．644，均P〈0．01）。结论肿瘤医院护士工作场所暴力发生率较高，肿瘤医院护士共情疲劳情况较严重，需要护理管理者给予综合干预策略，降低工作场所暴力发生率，改善护士共情疲劳状况。

Objective To investigate the workplace violence and empathy fatigue of nurses in tumor hospitals, and analyze the factors that affect the empathy fatigue of nurses in tumor hospitals, so as to provide references for nurses to prevent job burnout and quit their jobs. Methods Using the method of convenient sampling, 865 nursing staff in Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University were selected as the research subjects. The general data questionnaire, the workplace violence measurement frequency scale and the empathy fatigue scale were used to investigate. Results Tumor hospital nurses workplace violence zero frequency in 261 cases, accounted for 30.17%, the frequency of 336 cases, accounted for 38.84%, 245 cases of intermediate frequency accounted for 28.32%, high frequency of 23 cases accounted for 2.66%; the feeling of fatigue and mild in 171 cases, accounted for 19.77%, 339 cases of moderate and severe in 355 eases, accounted for 39.19%, and 41.04%respectively; negative correlation workplace violence and empathy fatigue compassion satisfaction score （r=-0.164, P〈0.01）, and occupation burnout, secondary traumatic stress scores were positively correlated （r= 0.149, 0.196, P〈O.01）; nurse education and workplace violence is compassion satisfaction of the main influence factors （t = 8.284,-4.664, P〈0.01）; workplace violence, working age and age is the main influencing factors of occupation burnout （t = 8.905, 4.114, 2.986, P〈 0.01 ）; workplace violence （department of radiology）, and education is the main influence factors of secondary traumatic stress（t = 8.242,-5.822,-3.644, P〈0.01）. Conclusions The incidence of workplace violence is high among nurses in tumor hospitals. The empathy fatigue of nurses in the tumor hospitals is more serious. It is necessary for nursing managers to give comprehensive intervention strategies, reduce the incidence of workplace violence and improve the empathy fatigue of nurses.