功能性消化不良的人格特质研究

Study on personality traits of patients with functional dyspepsia

目的 探讨功能性消化不良（FD）患者的人格特质特点.方法 纳入2016年10月至2017年5月于西安交通大学第二附属医院消化内科就诊的80例FD患者,其中焦虑抑郁组40例,非焦虑抑郁组40例.另外纳入同期进行体格检查的40名健康对照者.通过艾森克人格问卷调查,对研究对象的内外向、神经质、精神质和掩饰质4个维度进行分析,评估其人格特质.统计学分析采用t检验和卡方检验.结果 焦虑抑郁组、非焦虑抑郁组和健康对照组的内外向分值分别为8.18±3.80、8.65±4.16和10.95±3.40,其中焦虑抑郁组和非焦虑抑郁组均低于健康对照组,差异均有统计学意义（t=-3.443、-2.708,P均〈0.01）.焦虑抑郁组、非焦虑抑郁组和健康对照组的神经质分值分别为16.23±4.65、13.58±4.54和13.23±4.64;其中焦虑抑郁组高于非焦虑抑郁组和健康对照组,差异均有统计学意义（t=2.579、2.887,P均〈0.05）;非焦虑抑郁组与健康对照组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.焦虑抑郁组、非焦虑抑郁组和健康对照组的精神质分值分别为7.30±3.16、5.93±2.50和4.93±1.87;其中焦虑抑郁组高于非焦虑抑郁组和健康对照组,差异均有统计学意义（t=2.158、4.086,P均〈0.05）;非焦虑抑郁组高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（t=2.027,P=0.046）.焦虑抑郁组、非焦虑抑郁组和健康对照组的掩饰质分值分别为13.48±4.24、11.68±4.64和11.10±3.93,其中焦虑抑郁组高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（t=2.598,P=0.011）.焦虑抑郁组、非焦虑抑郁组和健康对照组内向型人格分别占30.0％（12/40）、30.0％（12/40）和7.5％（3/40）,其中焦虑抑郁组和非焦虑抑郁组均多于健康对照组,差异均有统计学意义（均χ2=5.251,P=0.022）.焦虑抑郁组、非焦虑抑郁组和健康对照组精神质型人格分别占77.5％（31/40）、65.0（26/40）和45.0％（18/40）,其中焦虑抑郁组多于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义（χ2=8.901,P=0.003）.结论 FD患者具有内向、神经质、精神质的人格特点.FD患者是否伴有焦虑抑郁与神经质、精神质有关.心理干预治疗可有效改善部分FD患者的临床症状.

Objective To explore the personality traits of patients with functional dyspepsia （FD） . Methods From October 2016 to May 2017 ,80 patients with FD who were admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology ,Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi＇an Jiaotong University were enrolled ,among them 40 patients were in the depression and anxiety group and 40 patients were in the non depression or anxiety group .In addition ,40 healthy controls who underwent physical examination at the same period were included .Four dimensions including extroversion ,neuroticism ,psychoticism and masking of the subjects were analyzed by Eysenck personality questionnaire and their personality traits were evaluated .T-test and chi-square test were performed for statistical analysis .Results The extroversion scores of the depression and anxiety group ,the non depression or anxiety group and the healthy control group were 8 .18 ± 3 .80 , 8 .65 ± 4 .16 and 10 .95 ± 3 .40 ,respectively ;and the scores of the depression and anxiety group and the non depression or anxiety group were both lower than that of the healthy control group , and the differences were statistically significant （t= -3 .443 and -2 .708 ,both P〈 0 .01） .The neuroticism scores of the depression and anxiety group ,the non depression or anxiety group and the healthy control group were 16 .23 ± 4 .65 ,13 .58 ± 4 .54 and 13 .23 ± 4 .64 ,respectively ;the neuroticism score of the depression and anxiety group was higher than those of the non depression or anxiety group and the healthy control group ,and the differences were statistically significant （t=2 .579 and 2 .887 ,both P〈 0 .05）;however there was no statistical significant difference between the non depression or anxiety group and the healthy control group （P〉0 .05） .The psychoticism scores of the depression and anxiety group ,the non depression or anxiety group and the healthy control group were 7 .30 ± 3 .16 ,5 .93 ± 2 .50 and 4 .93 ± 1 .87 ,respectively ;the psychoticism score of the depression and anxiety group was higher than those of the non depression or anxiety group and the healthy controls , and the differences were statistically significant （t=2 .158 and 4 .086 ,both P〈0 .05）;and the score of the non depression or anxiety group was higher than that of the healthy control group ,and the difference was statistically significant （t=2 .027 ,P= 0 .046） .The masking scores of the depression and anxiety group ,the non depression or anxiety group and the healthy control group were 13 .48 ± 4 .24 ,11 .68 ± 4 .64 and 11 .10 ± 3 .93 , respectively ,the score of the depression and anxiety group was higher than that of the healthy control group ,and the difference was statistically significant （t= 2 .598 , P= 0 .011） . The percentages of introversional personality of the depression and anxiety group ,the non depression or anxiety group and the healthy control group were 30 .0% （12/40 ） ,30 .0% （12/40 ） and 7 .5% （3/40 ） , respectively ;the percentages of the depression and anxiety group and the non depression or anxiety group were both higher than that of the healthy control group ,and the differences were statistically significant （both χ2 =5 .251 , P=0 .022） .The percentages of psychotic personality of the depression and anxiety group ,the non depression or anxiety group and the healthy control group were 77 .5% （31/40） ,65 .0% （26/40） and 45 .0% （18/40） , respectively ;the percentage of the depression and anxiety group was higher than that of the healthy control group ,and the difference was statistically significant （χ2=8 .901 ,P=0 .003） .Conclusions The characteristics of personality traits of FD patients are introversion ,neuroticism and psychoticism .Whether FD patients are associated with anxiety and depression is related to neuroticism and psychoticism .Psychological interventions can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of some FD patients .