成都新都区新繁东湖水系成演变研究

Study of the Evolution of Donghu Park Water System in Xinfan of Sichuan

以历史地图空间解译法为技术手段,从城市水系与园林水源、园林建筑、水系形态与格局等方面,按照唐宋、明清、民国、现代的时间段对东湖水系的演变过程进行梳理,并从城市水系与园林的关联性、水系周边建筑空间及功能变化、水系格局的完善三方面归纳总结水系演变特点:①城市水系与东湖在空间结构上大体经历了完善、破坏、重建和分离4个阶段,而东湖在这4个阶段中,参与到整个城市生态体系的系统中,经历了融合、维持、融入和脱离的生态功能变化;②水系周边建筑空间布局经游赏性空间对列交错、纪念性空间沿岸排布、游赏性空间核心主导和纪念性空间轴线贯穿4个阶段,水系周边建筑功能经纪念性与游赏性共存、纪念性与游赏性增强、纪念性弱化和纪念性恢复的变化,使得东湖从以酬唱游宴为主的衙署园林变为以纪念为主的公共园林;③东湖水系的空间格局由单一水体类型的基本格局变为湖渠溪贯全境的丰富格局.最后从城市与园林水系生态整合、园林水系自身格局保护两个方面给出了启示.

Taking ＂spatial interpretation of historical maps＂ as the technical means,and starting from the aspects of urban water system and garden water source,garden building and water system form and pattern,this paper makes a systematic study of the evolution process of Donghu water system in accordance with Tang and Song Dynasties,Ming and Qing Dynasties,the period of Republic of China and the modern time period.And the characteristics of water system evolution are summarized from three aspects：the relationship between the urban water system and the garden,the spatial and functional changes of the surrounding buildings and the improvement of the water system pattern.In their spatial structure,the urban water system and Donghu Lake have undergone four stages：improvement,destruction,reconstruction and separation.And in these four stages,Donghu Lake has been involved in the system of the whole urban ecosystem,and has experienced the changes of the ecological functions of fusion,maintenance,integration and disengagement.The building space layout around the water system have undergone four stages：the scenic space staggered distribution,memorial space arrangement along the banks,the scenic space of the leading core,and memorial space throughout the axis,and the building functions around the water system have experienced the changes from the coexistence of the memorial and sightseeing functions to the memorial and sightseeing enhancement,to memorial weakening and to memorial recovery.These changes have turned Donghu Lake from a garden of government offices into a public garden.The spatial pattern of Donghu Lake water system has changed from the basic pattern of a single water body to the rich pattern of the river and canal streams.Finally,some advice is given from the two aspects of the ecological integration of urban and garden water systems and the protection of the landscape water system itself.