云南建水紫陶矿物原料的组成与结构特征

COMPOSITIONS AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MINERAL MATERIALS OF THE JIANSHUI PURPLE POTTERY IN YUNNAN PROVINCE,CHINA

云南建水紫陶是中国四大名陶之一。为了给建水紫陶及其工艺研究、陶土矿物资源开发利用和产品质量进一步提高提供科学依据,根据建水紫陶矿物原料研究十分薄弱现状,采用多种现代矿物岩石检测分析方法,研究了建水紫陶矿物原料的组成与结构特征,结果表明:两种主料五花土和白泥浆都是泥质粉砂岩,其矿物成分为石英41%~50%,伊利石26%左右,高岭石25%左右,赤铁矿1.2%~6.9%;化学成分w(SiO_2)61%~69%,w(Al_2O_3)20%左右,w(K_2O)3%左右,有害成分w(CaO)<0.3%;两种主料五花土和白泥浆都具有泥质粉砂非均质结构,非均质结构产生原因分别由>400μ赤铁矿团块和>500μ石英颗粒引起;两种辅料黄泥浆和紫土的化学成分和矿物成分都超过了精陶烧成所允许的变化范围,不能以单独原料制备泥料,可作为调节泥料Fe_2O_3含量或制品颜色的辅助原料。

The compositions and structural characteristics of mineral materials of Jianshui purple pottery were studied by using various modern ore determination and analysis techniques in order to provide scientific reference for the technological research of Jianshui purple pottery and en- hance the development and utilization of pot clay mineral resources. It shows that the two main materials of five-color clay and white mud are pelitic siltstone with the mineral compositions of quartz （41%-50%）, illite （26%）, kaolinite （25%）, hematite （1. 2%-6. 9%）. Its chemical compositions are characterized by w（SiO2 ） =61% -69 % ,w（Al2O3 ） =20% ± ,w（K2O） = 3%±, harmful component w（CaO）〈0.3%. These two main materials possess heterogeneous structure which is resulted from the occurrence of hematite （〉400 μ） and quartz grains （〉500 μ）. The yellow mud and purple clay are two kinds of auxiliary materials and their chemical composition and mineral composition exceed the range allowed by the firing of fine ceramics. Therefore, these two materials can not be used as a separate raw material for preparation of ceramic mud, but they can be used as an auxiliary material for adjusting the content of Fe2O3 in the mud or adjusting the color of products.